Objective To analyze clinical features and follow-up of cholestasis in preterm infants for better diagnosis,treatment and follow-up plans. Methods In 1 894 cases,there were 73 cases diagnosed with cholestasis.A retrospective study was conducted for 73 cases of cholestasis from January 2010 to June 2014 of Hunan Children's Hospital.Neonates were divided into parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis (PNAC) group and non-PNAC group.The associated factors were analyzed. Results In the 78 cases,58 cases of male,female was 15 cases.The efiologies of 56 term infants were parenteral nutrition,associated with cholestasis(PNAC)(n=56,76.71%),11 term infants were systemic infection (n=11,15.07%),biliary tract disorders (n=1,1.37%), others (n=5,6.85%).The comparison of clinical datas of PNAC group and non PNAC:differences of the hospitalization days,PN time duration,total parenteral nutrition,total quantity of amino acids,fat milk total were statistically significant (P<0.05).The dangerous factors of PNAC were PN total duration,total amino acids,and fat milk.The rate of recovery was 94.52%(69/73).Four cases of giving-up treatment died after discharge. Conclusions The etiologies of neonatal cholestasis are diverse.It may be more complicated than PNAC.The effect after treatment is remarkable.