Objective To explore family rearing environment correlated with children's social and emotional problems,provide reference for children's parenting. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling method was used to randomly selected 1 to 3 years old children from Jiangsu province as survey objects,all children were investigated by Chinese version of Urban Infant Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment (CITSEA) and Urban 1~3-year-old Children Family Rearing Environment Scale;The t-test and correlation study were used to analyze the surveyed results. Results The detection rate of adverse family rearing environment,social and emotional development in urban areas of Jiangsu province was 4.16% and 24.82%.Boys had higher externalizing scores,lower social adaptation/self-care,language/cognitive information and ignore/penalty scores than girls (P all <0.05).The scores of adverse family rearing environment children group were higher in externalizing scales,internalizing scales,deregulation scales,and lower competence scales than those of group of medium/good family rearing environment children group(P<0.05).Emotional warmth/environment atmosphere,social adaptation/self-care,language/cognitive information and ignore/penalty scores affect infant and toddler's social and emotional development (P<0.05). Conclusion Children's social and emotional developments are under the influence of family rearing environment,To create a good family rearing is conducive to the development children's social and emotional developments.