Objective To understand the nutrition and dietary status among the rural primary school students in Kashgar area Xinjiang,and to analyse the characteristics and deficiency for advices. Methods Dietary conditions of the students were surveyed using accounting methods,and the height and weight were measured in an accordance with the requirements of the School Health Situation Annul Report Technical Specifications of Ministry of Health. Results Among the students in this region,intake of grain was 600.09 g,livestock and poultry meat were 100.65 g,these two were higher than the recommended value of the balance diet pagoda;salt intake was 14.37 g which exceeded the standard seriously,the breakfast energy intake was 456.89 g;three large capacity nutrients,fat intake was 60.21 g,accounted for the low percentage of total dietary energy.Malnutrition was serious and the girl's malnutrition rate was higher than boy students,but the students of overweight and obesity were lower than the national level. Conclution The dietary constitution of the rural primary school students in Kashgar is unreasonable,the nutritional status is worring,physical condition is not optimistic,it would like to make a improvement plan of adapting to circumstances in view of this phenomenon.