Objective To analyse the performance and the difference between autism spectruum disorder(ASD)and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)with the metaphor and sarcasm scenario test(MSST)and the crayon box test,then explore the feasibility of MSST for differential diagnosis of ASD and ADHD. Method A total of 120 children(40 ASD,40 ADHD and 40 typical children)were involved,the scores of this two tests among three groups were compared. Results Compared with typical children,both ASD and ADHD scored lower in metaphor subscale(P＜0.001 ),but the poor comprehension of sarcasm was only observed in ASD(P＜0.016 7).As for the comparison between children with ASD and ADHD,the deficit of comprehending sarcasm was showed in ASD(P＜0.016 7). Conclusions Both ASD and ADHD children show deficits in understanding the metaphor.But the ability to comprehend sarcastic situation is specifically inadequate in ASD.Thus MSST is a potential instrument to discriminate between ASD and ADHD.
Key words
autism spectrum disorder /
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder /
the metaphor and sarcasm scenario test
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