Objective To discuss the immune effect and the adverse reaction incidence of the premature infants after hepatitis B,Polio and Measles vaccination. Method 105 premature infants vaccinated in the vaccination clinic of Xianning Center for Disease Control and Prevention between 2010 and 2013 were selected as observation group,while another 105 full-term infants were chosen as control group.The incidence of adverse reactions and abnormal responses were compared 72 hours after the two groups of newborn babies were inoculated with hepatitis B,polio and measles vaccines,and the immune success rates with ELISA one or two months after the three types vaccination were tested. Result The adverse reactions to the vaccination after 72 hours: hepatitis B and measles vaccination may cause fever and local swelling,polio vaccination may cause fever and diarrhea.The immune success rates of hepatitis B,polio and measles vaccines were 85.71%,89.52%,88.10% respectively. Conclusion Same as the full-term infants,the premature babies have good immune responses to hepatitis B,polio and measles vaccines.There is no significant difference in the incidences of adverse reactions to the three vaccines between full-term infants and premature babies.