Objective To explore the intelligence structure characteristic of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) children with mathematical difficulties in WISC-Ⅳ.Method 30 children who were diagnosed ADHD according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-Ⅳ),both math scores lower than the same grade tenth percentile and language achievements are not lower than the same grade the fiftieth percentile.With gender and age matched,30 children who were diagnosed ADHD,both language and math achievements are not lower than the same grade the twenty-fifth percentile were selected by systematic sampling method.WISC-Ⅳ were used to test and analyze the intelligence distribution and structure of these children.Results The FSIQ and the 4 index scores of MD-ADHD children were lower than that of ADHD children with statistical difference (P<0.05),In the subtests,the LN,DS,CD,MR,BD and CO scores of MDADHD children were lower than those of ADHD children with statistical difference (P<0.05).Conclusion WISC-Ⅳ test the children's general cognitive ability,the children of MD-ADHD showed special cognitive structure characteristics,and we should take some individual guidance and trainings according to the cognitive abilities feature of math learning.