Objective To investigate the blood lead levels and its influencing factors among children attended outpatient clinic in Zhuzhou,in order to offer advice on how to prevent and treat lead poisoning.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 1 200 children who attended outpatient clinic aged 1 month to 14 years old in Zhuzhou.The contents of plumbum,iron,calcium,copper,magnesium and zinc in blood were determined. Results The mean level of blood lead was (96.1±64.4) μg/L.The proportion of children with blood lead level≥100 μg/L was 28.7% in Zhuzhou.By stepwise regression analysis,the blood lead level was insignificantly correlated with iron,calcium,and cuprum in whole blood,positively correlated with magnesium and zinc.Using multiple logistic regression analysis,the protective factors against lead poisoning in children with blood lead level≥100 μg/L mainly included older mother,the nutritional status of calcium,iron,zinc,regular consumption of dairy products,scattered living.The risk factors which influenced blood lead status of children with blood lead level≥100 μg/L were education status of mother,fathers smoking,boy,frequently staying or walking in the heavy traffic areas,without wash their hands before eating,behavior and dietary habit of children,regular eating popcorn,fingernail biting,constantly playing with playdough,taking Chinese herbal medicine,taking regularly canned drinks,houses around the main road,the peeling wall,lower floors,older children.Conclusion s In Zhuzhou,the proportion of children with blood lead level ≥100 μg/L is higher.The local governments and the society should have to work together to reduce the environmental lead exposure on children and lead-induced damage,thought that to improve the environment,strengthen nutrition intervention,popularize the health education and execute behavior guidance.