Objective To analyze the nutritional status of children in poor areas of Yunnan,and to explore the correlation among dietary scores (DDS) and the index of growth and development.Methods Participants of 2006-2009 nutritional surveillance project from four poor counties of Yunnan were included.Indexes,such as DDS9,the-height-for-age Z score (HAZ),the-weight-for-age Z score (WAZ),the-weight-for- height Z score (WHZ) and the prevalence of malnutrition were constructed using the database.Then the correlation of these indexes was analyzed. Results A total of 1 686 children were included in this study.The prevalence of underweight,stunting and wasting among these children were 24.3%,24.7% and 7.5% respectively.Average DDS9 was 6.0±1.38,which was positively associated with HAZ (r=0.11,P=0.00)and WAZ(r=0.063,P=0.01).However,the same association was not found with WHZ(r=-0.02,P=0.327).Binary Logistic regression suggested the lacking of milk、meat and aquatic food consumption were risk factors for malnutrition.Conclusion Preschool children in poor areas of Yunnan faced the lacking of food diversity and many of them suffered from malnutrition.DDS9 is correlated with some growth indexes,and could be applied in the work of nutrition improvement.