Objective To understand the differences and reasons of the growth and development of 13～18 years old Uyghur,Kazak,Kirgiz middle school students,and to provide a scientific basis for improving the physical health of middle school students in Xinjiang region. Methods Using research methods of literature,statistics and comparative analysis,the data obtained by the Xinjiang region in 1985 and 2010 from 13 to 18 years old ethnic minorities students' health research,were carried out for trends observation,comparison and analysis of Uyghur,Kazak,Kirgiz ethnic students in Xinjiang region within 25 years. Results Nearly 25 years average growth values height,weight,chest circumference of the Uygur,Kazak,Kirgiz ethnic minorities middle school students in Xinjiang remained basic improving(In addition to the height of Uyghur female students,and chest circumference of Uyghur & Kirgiz male students),Average growth values were:Uyghur male students 3.3 cm,3.9 kg,-0.5 cm,Uyghur female students -0.2 cm,0.9 kg,4.2 cm;Kazak male students 6.1 cm,4.8 kg,1.7 cm,Kazak female students 4 cm,4.1 kg,2.6 cm;Kirgiz male students 4.8 cm,3.6 kg、-0.5 cm,Kirgiz female students 3 cm,3.3 kg,0.4 cm.Uyghur,Kazak,Kirgiz ethnic minorities students body shape were varies,the overall level was:Kazak students body shape development was better than Uyghur and Kirgiz,Kirgiz students was better than Uyghur students,And the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05～0.001). Conclusions The body shape development of Xinjiang ethnic minorities of Uyghur,Kazak,Kirgiz are varies and unbalanced in the recent 25 years.The reason are various,In addition to genetics,history,natural environment,school,family,social and other factors,the most important and inter-regional presence is Xinjiang's imbalance economic development.