Objective To investigate present breastfeeding situation and risk factors of infant discharged from NICU,and guide clinician and parents to improve infant's breastfeeding measures,promote maternal and child health. Methods A total of 629 cases were selected from NICU for experimental group and 638 cases were selected from normal maternity hospital as the control group.13 perinatal factors which may be associated with breastfeeding were collected.The factors were analyzed using ANOVA analysis,chi-square test and logistic regression. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the factors significanyly associated the breastfeeding of the infant discharged from NICU were gestational age birth (OR=0.848,P=0.848),birth weight (OR=0.394,P=0.394),hospitalization expenses (OR=3.1,P=0.000),hospitalization days (OR=1.245,P=1.245),whether maintain lactation guidance (OR=0.054,P=0.054). Conclusion Low birth gestational age,low birth weight,hospitalization expenses and hospitalization days,no maintain lactation guidance as high-risk factors affecting breastfeeding should cause the attention of clinician and the baby's parents.