Objective To explore the influencing factors of child abuse among primary and middle students in Zhuang nationality area and its effect on students' psychological health. Methods A total of 3 936 students of grade 4~9 were chosen by multi-stage cluster sampling method.Student general information questionnaire,the Screen Questionnaire of Child Abuse(SQCA),the Social Anxiety Scale for Children (SASC) and the Self-Esteem Scale(SES) were filled by theirselves.Influencing factors of child abuse were explored by non-conditional Logistic regression analysis.The correlation analysis between child abuse and social anxiety and self-esteem was completed,to confirm the correlation strength. Results Five influencing factors about child abuse in Zhuang nationality area were grade,sex,nation,social anxiety and self-esteem.The OR of primary and middle school,sex and self-esteem were less than 1,other OR were exceed 1.The correlation coefficient between SASC and child abuse was 0.201;the corrleration coefficient between SES and child abuse was -0.135. Conclusion The influencing factors about child abuse in Zhuang nationality area are grade,sex,nation,social anxiety and self-esteem.Comparing to primary school,middle school is protecting factor of child abuse; girl is protecting factor comparing to boy;Han nationality is risk factor comparing to Zhuang nationality.There is positive correlation between social anxiety and child abuse,and there is negative correlation between the degree of self-esteem and child abuse.