Objective To investigate prevalence and risk factors of asthma children aged 0~14 years old in Linqu county,and provide a reliable basis for the prevention and treatment of the disease. Method By using cluster random sampling method,antiepidemic stations,schools,kindergartens were selected for asthma epidemiology survey of 10 000 children aged 0~14 years old in Linqu county. Results A survey of 10 000 children aged 0~14,received 9 765 valid questionnaires,effective rate is 97.65%.152 children with asthma,the prevalence rate was 1.56%;The highest prevalence was preschool children with asthma.Male children prevalence was higher than the female,male and female ratio was 1.50∶1,the difference was significant (χ²=5.648,P<0.05).Family history of allergies or asthma,allergic rhinitis,allergic history,the history of food allergy history,personal history of drug allergy,premature birth,excess weight,use of antibiotics were the risk factor of asthma. Conclusions The prevalence rate of asthma of children aged 0~14 years od in Linqu county in 2012 is increased,compared the national prevalence 10 years ago.The highest prevalence is preschool children with asthma.The incidence of asthma in children is associated with a variety of factors.