Objective To explore the rural preschool children's dietary behavior problems and its influence factors in Shandong province.Method The sample was randomly chosen by cluster based sampling method.The data were collected by using self made health survey questionnaire,and statistically analyzed with software of SPSS 16.0. Results The dietary behavior problems prevalence rates in Shandong province:playing while eating (69.25%),eating snacks (57.96%),eating need to coax (51.16%),picky about food (47.07%),anorexia (40.00%),skipping breakfast (22.45%),eating before sleep(16.19%).The children whose parents accepted diet nutrition lecture or voluntary diagnoses and didn't give them health products ate less snacks.The only child,the children's parents didn't pay attention to diet collocation higher family income led to more anorexic.The more expense of raising children,the only child was more likely to pick about food and play while eating.The higher family income was,the more children didn't eat breakfast.The children whose parents accepted diet nutrition lecture or voluntary diagnoses were less likely to eat before sleeping.The only child and younger children with higher family income were more likely to need coax while eating.Conclusions The rural preschool children's dietary behavior problems are serious.Appropriate intervention measures should be taken according to different age and types of dietary behavior problems.