Objective To analyze the influential factors of children's learning difficulties in Kunshan,and to provide some effective basis for improving children's learning ability. Methods A total of 5 132 children during 6~12 years old in Kunshan city were selected through cluster sampling method.They or their teachers or parents were surveyed about learning difficulties and the influencing factors. Results The incidence of children's learning difficulties was 16.29% in Kunshan.Multiariable Logistic regression analysis found that:the risk of children's learning difficulties decreased along with the increasing of age,and the odds ratio (OR)(95%CI) was 0.82(0.75~0.89);when compared with boys,the adjusted OR(95%CI) was 0.56(0.42~0.76) for girls;when compared with the primary caregivers for mother,primary caregivers for grandparents could increase the risk of children's learning difficulties,and the OR(95%CI) was 1.73(1.23~2.43);when compared with the way of democracy,protection of parenting could increase the risk of children's learning difficulties,and the OR(95%CI) was 1.65(1.12~2.41);when compared with the family harmony,constantly bickering family could increase the risk of children's learning difficulty,and the OR(95%CI) was 2.59(1.07~6.25). Conclusion The incidence of children's learning difficulties in Kunshan is high,and family,school should all focus on the improving of children's learning difficulties.