Objective To study growth status of children under 7 years old and its influential factors, providing scientific reference for improving their health. Methods The method of stratified-cluster-random sampling was used in this study.735 cases of left-behind children aged 0~7 years old were sampled from 2 counties and 6 nursery schools of Shandong, and surveyed with self-made questionnaire. Results Prevalence rates of growth retardation, underweight and wasting were 4.8%, 2.6%, 2.0% respectively.The Z scores of HAZ, WAZ and WHZ were 0.83±2.40, 0.70±1.99, 0.22±1.80 respectively.There were significant differences in growth retardation, underweight and wasting of different age(P<0.05). Conclusion In investigate area, the health status of children under 7 years old is normal mainly, but effective measures still should be taken to adjust dietary habits and improve physical fitness