Objective To analyse the non-anemia iron deficiency(NAID) and iron deficiency anemia(IDA) infants' cognitive level. Method The Gesell developmental test was used to assess the development of adaptive behavior(A), gross motor(G), fine motor(F), language(L), personal-social behavior(P). Results Both NAID and IDA groups' male infants were more than female ones(χ2=13.06, P=0.001);The mental developmental quotient(DQ) of NAID group and IDA group was lower than iron sufficiency (IS) group, but no difference between NAID group and IDA group(FA=13.64, FG=6.24, FF=6.25, FL=4.89, FP=9.14, all P<0.01);The male infants' developmental quotients(DQ) of language, personal-social behavior were significantly lower than those of female infants(F=9.299, P=0.003;F=4.250, P=0.042). Conclusion The DQ of Iron deficiency with or without anemia infants are lower than iron sufficient ones, that means iron deficiency needs early intervention in clinic.
Key words
iron deficiency /
infant /
cognitive level
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
References
[1] 中国儿童铁缺乏症流行病学调查协作组.中国7个月~7岁儿童铁缺乏症流行病学的调查研究[J].中华儿科杂志, 2004, 42(12):886-891.
[2] Antunes H, Santos C, Carvalho S, et al.Male gender is an important clinical risk factor for iron deficiency in healthy infants[J].e-SPEN Journal, 2012, 7(6):219-222.
[3] Burhans MS, Dailey C, Beard Z, et al.Iron deficiency:differential effects on monoamine transporters[J].Nutr Neurosci, 2005, 8(1):31-38.
[4] Hamid Jan JM, Amal KM, Rohani A, et al.Association of iron deficiency with or without anaemia and cognitive functions among primary school children in malaysia[J].Malays J Nutr, 2010, 16(2):261-270.
[5] Lozoff B, Jimenez E, Hagen J, et al.Poorer behavioral and developmental outcome more than 10 years after treatment for iron deficiency in infancy[J].Pediatrics, 2000, 105(4):5-16.
[6] Morris CM, Keith AB, Edwardson JA, et al.Uptake and distribution of iron and transferrin in the adult rat brain[J].J Neurochem, 1992, 59:300-306.
[7] Beard JL, Felt B, Schallert T, et al.Moderate iron deficiency in infancy:biology and behavior in young rats[J].Behav Brain Res, 2006, 170(2):224-232.
[8] Rao R, Tkac I, Schmidt AT, et al.Fetal and neonatal iron deficiency causes volume loss and alters the neurochemical profile of the adult rat hippocampus[J].Nutr Neurosci, 2011, 14(2):59-65.
[9] Badaracco ME, Ortiz EH, Soto EF, et al.Effect of transferrin on hypomyelination induced by iron deficiency[J].J Neurosci Res, 2008, 86(12):2663-2673.
[10] Lozoff B.Early iron deficiency has brain and behavior effects consistent with dopaminergic dysfunction[J].J Nutr, 2011, 141(4):740-746.
[11] Shafir T, Angulo-Barroso R, Jing Y, et al.Iron deficiency and infant motor development[J].Early Hum Dev, 2008, 84(7):479-485.
[12] Shafir T, Angulo-Barroso R, Calatroni A, et al.Effects of iron deficiency in infancy on patterns of motor development over time[J].Hum Mov Sci, 2006, 25(6):821-838.
[13] Quiroz C, Pearson V, Gulyani S, et al.Up-regulation of striatal adenosine A(2A) receptors with iron deficiency in rats:effects on locomotion and cortico-striatal neurotransmission[J].Exp Neurol, 2010, 224(1):292-298.
[14] Lozoff B, Clark KM, Jing Y, et al.Dose-response relations between iron deficiency with or without anemia and infant social-emotional behavior[J].J Pediatr, 2008, 152(5):696-702.
[15] Golub MS, Hogrefe CE, Germann SL, et al.Behavioral consequences of developmental iron deficiency in infant rhesus monkeys[J].Neurotoxicol Teratol, 2006, 28(1):3-17.
PDF(452 KB)
