Objective To investigate the helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection situation of pre-school children in Shenyang and to discuss the relative factors of Hp infection. Methods A total of 1 150 children in eight kindergartens were randomly selected with the method of cluster sampling.Serum IgG antibodies of Hp were measured.A structured questionnaire was sent to the parents of these children to obtain the related information. Results The Hp infection rate of pre-school children was 13.13% in Shenyang and it was trending up with increasing by ages.The Hp infection rate was higher significantly in children with digestive symptom than that in children without digestive symptom.Individual dinnerware and high income were the protective factors for the Hp infection of pre-school children, and age, low income, nibbling figures or toys, not often washing hands and family numbers with a history of stomach disease were the risk factors. Conclusions Pre-school children in Shenyang are susceptible to Hp infection, though their Hp infection rate is lower than that of the average rate in China.It is important for children to decrease the Hp infection by training them to have good health habits.