目的 探讨注意力缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)儿童的智力特征。方法 使用韦氏儿童智力量表对根据美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)诊断的154例6~14岁ADHD儿童进行智力测试,并与102名正常儿童比较。结果 ADHD儿童FIQ在70~129,其中智力超常0例(0.0%),高常6例(3.90%),平常112例(72.73%),边缘36例(23.37%);ADHD儿童的VIQ、PIQ和FIQ及Kaufman三个因子得分均较正常儿童低(P＜0.01);在各分测验上ADHD儿童除“知识”外余10个测验得分均低于正常儿童(P＜0.01);ADHD儿童和正常儿童FIQ和PIQ之间的差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.01);ADHD儿童｜VIQ-PIQ｜差值>15者比例与正常儿童无显著性差异(P＞0.01);ADHD儿童和正常儿童Kaufman3个因子得分之间的差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.01)。 结论 ADHD儿童的智力水平低于正常儿童,但不存在言语智商和操作智商分离以及智力结构不平衡。
Abstract
Objective To explore the intellectual profiles of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD). Methods Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Chinese Edition(C-WISC) was used to examined the intelligence of 154 6~14-year-old children with ADHD diagnosed according to DSM-Ⅳ and 102 6~14-year-old typically developing children.Results The FIQ of children with ADHD was raged from 70~129,with none(0.0%)in very superior range,6(3.90%)in superior range,112(72.73%) in average range and 36(23.37%) in borderline range;The VIQ,PIQ and FIQ and scales on three Kaufman factors of children with ADHD were lower than those of typically developing children(P＜0.01);Children with ADHD had lower scales than those of typically developing children on 10 subtests out of all 11 subtests(P＜0.01);There was no statistically difference between VIQ and PIQ in both ADHD and typically developing children(P＞0.01);The proportion of VIQ-PIQ discrepancy >15 in ADHD children was not statistically different from that in typically developing children(P＞0.01);There were no statistically differences between scores on three Kaufman factors in both ADHD and typically developing children(P＞0.01). Conclusion Children with ADHD generally have lower IQ than chose of typically developing children,but they show no differences in the structure of intelligence.
关键词
注意缺陷多动障碍 /
智力特征 /
儿童
Key words
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder /
intellectual characteristics /
children
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参考文献
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