目的 研究学龄儿肥胖发生的相关因素,为提出预防及干预措施提供依据。 方法 选择西安交通大学医学院第二附属医院儿科生长发育门诊2010-2011年就诊的单纯性肥胖儿童,随机抽取86名,年龄7~18岁,平均14岁,男50例,女36例。采用1∶1 病例对照配对研究问卷调查方法,调查内容包括遗传因素、早期喂养、饮食行为、学习及运动情况、家庭环境等与肥胖相关因素。所得资料采取单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析。结果 Logistic回归分析显示,进餐速度快、喜好零食及家族中糖尿病人数多,是影响学龄儿发生肥胖的危险因素,而喜欢参与运动及母亲职业是肥胖的保护因素。 结论不良的饮食习惯及糖尿病家族史均能增加肥胖发生的风险,提示在具有糖尿病家族史高危因素的儿童中要特别注意饮食结构,养成良好的饮食习惯,减少危险因素的暴露,从而预防肥胖的发生。

Objective To investigate the obesity-related factors in the school-age children,and to provide a basis for proposed preventing and interfering measures. Methods Among the children with simple obesity,who were present at the pediatric growth and development clinic in the hospital from 2010 to 2011,86 (male 50,female 36) were randomly selected at the age of 7 to 18 years old,averaged 14 years old.Questionnaires were used in the 1∶1 matched case-control study,including such obesity-related factors as genetic factors,early feeding,dietary behaviors,learning and sporting and family environment.The obtained data were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analyses. Results It was shown in the Logistic regression analyses that the obesity-related risk factors in the school-age children included fast eating,liking to eat snacks and more family numbers with diabetes,and anti-obesity factors cover sporting and working mother. Conclusions As the high-risk factors identified in the study,both poor eating habits and family history of diabetes cause increased risk of obesity.This suggests that for the children at high risk due to family history of diabetes,special attention should be paid to dietary patterns and serious efforts taken to develop good eating habits and reduce exposure to such risk factors,in order to prevent the children from suffering from obesity.