目的 研究孕哺期高脂膳食对子代SD大鼠空间学习记忆能力的影响。 方法 成年雌性SD孕鼠10只随机分为对照组和高脂组,分别喂以标准鼠粮和含20%猪油的高脂饲料。仔鼠4周龄断乳,对照组雄性仔鼠10只维持原饲料,10只转饲以高脂饲料;高脂组雄性仔鼠10只维持原饲料,10只转饲以标准鼠粮。12周龄,进行Morris水迷宫测试其空间学习记忆能力,称量体重、内脏脂肪和全脑质量,测试血浆瘦素水平。 结果 持续高脂膳食的仔鼠空间学习能力低于其它仔鼠(P＜0.05),但空间记忆能力各组仔鼠无差异(P>0.05);断乳后高脂膳食可造成仔鼠体重(P＜0.05)和内脏脂肪质量(P＜0.05)增加;孕哺期高脂膳食造成仔鼠全脑质量降低(P＜0.05)和血浆瘦素水平下降(P＜0.05)。 结论 孕哺期高脂膳食造成子代脑发育障碍和血浆瘦素水平降低,这可能与子代空间学习能力损伤有关。

Objective To explore the effect of perinatal high fat diet on spatial learning and memory in SD rat offspring. Methods A total of ten pregnant SD rats were randomly divided into control group and high fat diet group,fed with lab chow diet and high fat diet (containing 20% of lard) respectively.After weaning,half of male pups from either group were fed with lab chow and the other half were fed with high fat diet until 12 weeks of age.Then,Morris water maze task was applied to evaluate spatial learning and memory in the pups,and the body weight,the mass of visceral fat and brain were weighted and the level of plasma leptin was measured through ELISA. Results The pups fed with high fat diet from perinatal period until 12 weeks of age showed poorer performance than others in spatial leaning (P＜0.05),but no difference in memory (P>0.05) ability than others;Postweaning high fat diet reduced the body weight and the mass of visceral fat in the pups;Maternal high fat diet during pregnancy and lactation reduced the mass of brain and lowered the level of plasma leptin of offspring. Conclusion Maternal high fat diet during gestation and lactation may impair the development of brain and lower the level of plasma leptin,which could be relative with the cause of the impairment of learning.