目的 评估我国8省4~6年级小学生慢性病相关知识、态度及知识来源现状。 方法 采取分层随机整群抽样方法,由4~6年级的小学生填写问卷。 结果 本次共调查12 385名4~6年级小学生,其对“超重/肥胖容易导致高血压或血压升高”的知晓率最高(52.3%),对“体质指数(BMI)计算方法”的知晓率最低(7.8%)。各知识知晓率城市均高于农村;除“超重/肥胖”知识点的知晓率以6年级最高外,其它均以5年级的知晓率最高,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。分析发现慢性病防控知识知晓组的小学生持正确饮食和行为态度的比例高于不知晓组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。被调查的小学生最信任和最喜欢的健康知识传播途径分别是老师讲课(47.1%)和电视(27.6%)。饮食和运动习惯受家人的影响最大,比例分别为59.0%和30.2%。 结论 我国儿童慢性病防控知识知晓程度较低,应从学校和家庭两个方面进行干预,提高小学生慢性病防控知识的知晓率。

Objective To evaluate knowledge,attitude and knowledge source on chronic diseases among 4~6 graders in eight Chinese provinces. Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select study participants.All students in 4~6 grades were invited to complete a questionnaire survey. Results A total of 12 385 4~6 graders were participated in the study.Knowledge level was low:52.3% knew that "overweight/fat lead to hypertension or elevation of blood pressure" but only 7.8% knew about the calculation method of body mass index (BMI).Knowledge level was higher among urban children than among rural children (P<0.05);Sixth grader had the highest rate of correctly answer the question about overweight/fat and high blood pressure,while fifth grader had the highest rates of answering other questions (P<0.05).Knowledge about prevention of chronic diseases was positively associated with correct attitudes (P<0.05).Teachers were considered as the most trustful source of knowledge (47.1%) while TV was considered the most favorable source (27.6%).Among all children,59% reported that their families were the most influential factor for their dietary habit,while 30.2% reported that it was the most influential factor for their excise habit. Conclusions It is more lower of knowledge level about prevention of chronic disease.Intervention programs should involve both school and family.