目的 对单纯小型室间隔缺损患病婴儿神经心理状况进行评估,揭示其神经心理发育的特点,便于有效干预的实施。 方法 选取北京市2011-2012年出生的单纯小型室间隔缺损患儿(室缺面积≤5 mm²)31例为病例组,同时选取条件匹配的正常儿童31例为对照组,通过12月龄±1周时Gesell发育测查结果比较,对病例组儿童做出神经心理发育状况的客观评估。 结果 Gesell神经心理发育测查结果显示,在发育商的定性分类比较上,病例组与对照组五个能区差异均无统计学意义。定量比较方面,病例组大运动能区的分值为88.90±9.90,对照组为93.61±8.17,病例组分值低于对照组,差异有统计学意义;而在适应性、精细运动、语言和个人-社会能区得分上,病例组依次为91.51±8.96、89.77±9.63、96.26±8.88和96.61±10.73,对照组依次为96.39±8.66、91.68±10.35、95.74±7.37和100.94±10.42,两组差异均无统计学意义。 结论 单纯小型室间隔缺损患儿的神经心理发育水平与正常同龄儿大体相当;大运动水平落后于正常同龄儿,家长趋向过度保护的带养方式可能是主要原因之一。

Objective To evaluate neuropsychological development of infants with small ventricular septal defect,in order to adopt effective intervention. Methods The cases were composed of 31 infants born in 2011-2012 with small ventricular septal defect and the controls were composed of 31 healthy infants matched with the cases in birthday,birth weight,gestational age and place of residence.Both the cases and the controls were all accepted Gesell's Neuropsychological Development Evaluation at the age of 12 months and the gap from earliest and latest was not more than 2 weeks.The results were compared then. Results There were no statistical significances in Development Quotient(DQ) of all five departments between the cases and the controls by qualitative analysis (P>0.05).In addition,the study showed no statistically significant differences in DQ of adaptive behavior,fine motor language and personal-social behavior.In gross motor,the DQ of cases was lower than that of the controls,and the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions The neuropsychological development level of the cases is closer to the controls.The lower gross motor development level of the cases may be because of parents' overprotection.