体检儿童少年305例的电子媒体使用调查
- 朱园青1,叶祎1,陈克1,留佩宁1,叶丹1,朱丛1,周建静1,吴丽慧1,2
作者信息
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Media use of 305 cases of children and adolescents among health examination crowd.
- ZHU Yuan-qing1,YE Yi1,CHEN Ke1,LIU Pei-ning1,YE Dan1,ZHU Cong1,ZHOU Jian-jing1,WU Li-hui1,2.
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文章历史
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摘要
目的 调查研究国内体检儿童少年的电子媒体使用状况。 方法 采用整群抽样的方法,自行设计问卷,对在温州医学院附属育英儿童医院进行体检的6~16岁儿童少年及其家长,共305例进行电子媒体使用情况回顾性访问及家庭环境调查。 结果 46.23%(141/305)的儿童少年平均每天使用电子媒体工具时间超过2 h;各年龄组在每周使用电子媒体工具时间(Time/week,以下简称T/w,以h为单位)上差异无统计学意义(F=1.294,P=0.272);T/w与家长有无限制、家庭中有无早晨开电视习惯、有无以媒体工具打发时间的习惯差异有高度统计学意义(t=-4.848、-2.814、-6.174,P均<0.01);睡前看电视不会影响睡眠的儿童与有此影响的儿童相比,T/w更容易超过14 h(χ2=4.424,P=0.038)。 结论 温州市儿童少年有大量时间在使用电子媒体工具,家庭中儿童看电视的习惯、爱好至少在儿童6岁左右已经基本形成;家庭在对儿童电子媒体使用中的影响起重要作用;看电视对儿童睡眠的影响不在于看电视的总和时间。
Abstract
Objective To study the status of media use of children and adolescents among health examination crowd. Methods A cluster sampling survey was carried out from October 2010 to February 2012.Data were collected through self-administered structured retrospective questionnaire from 305 pairs of families in health examination department of affiliated children's hospital of Wenzhou Medical College. Results 46.23%(141/305)children and adolescents used media excess 2 hours per day.There was no significant difference among ages in the total time of electronic media use per week(referred to as the T/w)(F=1.294,P=0.272);Parents' restrictions on media use,morning TV viewing habit,media as children's main killing time tool could affect the T/w(t=4.848,-2.814,-6.174,all P<0.01).Children whose sleep could not be affected by media use before sleep were more inclined to use media excess 14 hours per week(χ2=4.424,P=0.038). Conclusions The children and adolescents spend substantial time on media,and their habit,favorite around media had formed at least before or at 6 years old; Parents' restriction on media use can affect the time children spend before screen media;TV-viewing before sleep can affect children's sleep,but the effect does not lie in the total time of TV-viewing.
关键词
Key words
media / habit / restriction / children / adolescent
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参考文献
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[2] 张玲娜,程茜,胡燕,等.学龄前儿童视力发育的危险因素调查[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2001,9(4):239-240.
[3] Zimmerman FJ,Christakis DA,Meltzoff AN.Associations between media viewing and language development in children under age 2 years[J].J Pediatr,2007,151(4):364-368.
[4] Chonchaiya W,Nuntnarumit P,Pruksananonda C.Comparison of television viewing between children with autism spectrum disorder and controls[J].Acta Paediatr,2011,100(7):1033-1037.
[5] Jordan AB,Hersey JC,Mcdivitt JA,et al.Reducing children's television-viewing time:a qualitative study of parents and their children[J].Pediatrics,2006,118(5):e1303-e1310.
[6] 叶祎,周永海,陈克.温州城市婴幼儿电视和DVD/VCD暴露状况调查[J].中国预防医学杂志,2009,10(12):1060-1064.
[7] Jago R,Davison KK,Thompson JL,et al.Parental sedentary restriction,maternal parenting style,and television viewing among 10-to 11-year-olds[J].Pediatrics,2011,128(3):e572-e578.
[8] 马冠生,李艳平,胡小琪,等.我国城市儿童少年看电视时间的研究[J].中国健康教育,2002,18(7):411-413.
[9] Dworak M,Schierl T,Bruns T,et al.Impact of singular excessive computer game and television exposure on sleep patterns and memory performance of school-aged children[J].Pediatrics,2007,120(5):978-985.
[10] Thompson DA,Christakis DA.The association between television viewing and irregular sleep schedules among children less than 3 years of age[J].Pediatrics,2005,116(4):851-856.
[11] Santhi N,Thorne HC,van der Veen DR,et al.The spectral composition of evening light and individual differences in the suppression of melatonin and delay of sleep in humans[J].Pineal Res,10.1111/j.1600-079X.2011.00970.x[doi].doi:10.1111/j.1600-079X.2011.00970.x.
[12] Derk-Jan Dijk,Jeanne FD,Edward JS,et al.Amplitude reduction and phase shifts of melatonin,cortisol and other circadian rhythms after a gradual advance of sleep and light exposure in humans[J].PLoS ONE,2012,7(2):e30037.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0030037.
[13] Wahi G,Parkin PC,Beyene J,et al.Effectiveness of interventions aimed at reducing screen time in children:a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials[J].Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med,2011,165(11):979-986.
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