摘要
孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)是一种童年早期起病的严重神经精神发育障碍,原来属于儿童精神疾病范畴内的广泛性发育障碍(pervasive developmental disorder,PDD),临床特征主要表现为人际交往与沟通模式异常,言语和非言语障碍,兴趣范围狭窄和活动内容局限。多数患儿的早期症状在婴幼儿期即可出现,3岁前起病,呈现孤独症症状,在多种场合存在广泛性的异常,认知和社会功能严重受损。近年来,ASD呈现出患病率逐渐上升的趋势,早期筛查和干预非常重要,文中简要列出早期筛查和干预的方法。
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参考文献
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[6] Just MA,Keller TA,Malave VL,et al.Autism as a neural systems disorder:a theory of frontal-posterior underconnectivity[J].Neurosci Biobehav Rev,2012,36(4):1292-1313.
[7] Teunisse JP,Roelofs RL,Verhoeven EW,et al.Flexibility in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD):inconsistency between neuropsychological tests and parent-based rating scales[J].J Clin Exp Neuropsychol,2012,34(7):714-723.
[8] 邬方彦,徐秀,刘静.孤独症筛查量表(CHAT-23)的应用研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2010,18(4):288-289.
[9] 李雪荣.现代儿童精神医学[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1994:174-191.
[10] 李雪荣,陈劲梅.孤独症诊疗学[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2004:56-81.
[11] Tadevosyan-leyfer O,Dowd M,Mankoski R,et al.A principal componemts analysis of the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised[M].J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry,2003,42(7):864-872.
[12] Tsuchiya KJ,Matsumoto K,Yagi A,et al.Reliability and validity of autism diagnostic interview-revised,Japanese version[J].Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorder,2013,43(3):643-662.
[13] Gotham K,Risi S,Dawson G,et al.A replication of the autism diagnostic obersevation schedule (ADOS) revised algorithms[J].J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry,2008,47(6):642-651.
[14] 杜亚松.儿童心理障碍治疗学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2005:294-312.
[15] Sinha Y,Silove N,Wheeler D,et al.Auditory integration training and other sound therapies for autismspectrum disorders:a systematic review[J].Arch Dis Child,2006,91(12):1018-1022.
[2] Bailey A,Le Couteur A,Gottesman,et al.Autism as a strongly genetic disorder:evidence from a British twin study[J].Psychol Med,1995,25(1):63-77.
[3] Chakrabarti S,Fombonne E.Pervasive developmental disorders in preschool children[J].JAMA,2001,285(24):3093-3099.
[4] 刘可智,梁雪梅,郭兰婷.儿童孤独症的遗传学研究进展[J].实用儿科临床杂志,2010,25(23):1768-1770.
[5] Liu YY,Du YS,Liu WW,et al.Lack of association between NLGN3,NLGN4,SHANK2 and SHANK3 gene variants and autism spectrum disorder in a Chinese population[J].PLoS One,2013,8(2):e56639.
[6] Just MA,Keller TA,Malave VL,et al.Autism as a neural systems disorder:a theory of frontal-posterior underconnectivity[J].Neurosci Biobehav Rev,2012,36(4):1292-1313.
[7] Teunisse JP,Roelofs RL,Verhoeven EW,et al.Flexibility in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD):inconsistency between neuropsychological tests and parent-based rating scales[J].J Clin Exp Neuropsychol,2012,34(7):714-723.
[8] 邬方彦,徐秀,刘静.孤独症筛查量表(CHAT-23)的应用研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2010,18(4):288-289.
[9] 李雪荣.现代儿童精神医学[M].长沙:湖南科学技术出版社,1994:174-191.
[10] 李雪荣,陈劲梅.孤独症诊疗学[M].长沙:中南大学出版社,2004:56-81.
[11] Tadevosyan-leyfer O,Dowd M,Mankoski R,et al.A principal componemts analysis of the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised[M].J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry,2003,42(7):864-872.
[12] Tsuchiya KJ,Matsumoto K,Yagi A,et al.Reliability and validity of autism diagnostic interview-revised,Japanese version[J].Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorder,2013,43(3):643-662.
[13] Gotham K,Risi S,Dawson G,et al.A replication of the autism diagnostic obersevation schedule (ADOS) revised algorithms[J].J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry,2008,47(6):642-651.
[14] 杜亚松.儿童心理障碍治疗学[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社,2005:294-312.
[15] Sinha Y,Silove N,Wheeler D,et al.Auditory integration training and other sound therapies for autismspectrum disorders:a systematic review[J].Arch Dis Child,2006,91(12):1018-1022.
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)(2010CB529602);上海市科委重点项目(11411952401);上海市新三年计划项目(GWIII-32)
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