目的 了解海口地区儿童呼吸道九种非典型病原体病原感染情况、明确非典型性病原体分布特点。方法 对2011年7月-2012年6月临床诊断为呼吸道感染的患儿,分为＜1岁组、1~2岁组、2~3岁组、≥3岁组,应用间接免疫荧光法进行九种病原体血清IgM 抗体联合检测,对阳性病例进行回顾性分析。结果 非典型性病原体感染阳性率34.6%(417/1 202);混合感染阳性率4.58%(55/1 202)以(M-pneumoniae,MP)与其他病原体混合感染为主;九种病原体中,阳性率排前三位的是肺炎支原体MP(31.53%)、乙型流感病毒(influenza B virus,INFB)(5.41%)、合胞病毒(respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)(1.16%);Q热立克次体(coxiella urnetii,COX)、肺炎衣原体(chlamydia pneumoniae,CP)检出最少;4月份(农历春末3月)阳性率最高,为47.57%,冬春季总阳性率高于夏秋季;总阳性率随年龄增加而增高;＜1岁患儿MP、RSV阳性率排前两位,1岁及以上患儿以MP、INFB阳性率排前两位;男女患儿MP阳性率,女性患儿高于男性。 结论 海口地区呼吸道感染患儿非典型病原体的阳性率、病原体构成、高发季节等有自己的区域特点。

Objective To investigate the respiratory tract infection of suffering children by 9 atypical pathogens in Haikou region,and definite the distribution of atypical pathogen. Methods Based on indirect immunofluorescence assay,blood IgM levels had been simultaneously detected of 9 atypical pathogens,which isolated from＜1 year old,1~2 years old,2~3 years old,≥3 years old children with respiratory tract infection from July 2011 to June 2012.And then the positive cases had been epidemiological clinical analysed. Results The total positive rate of atypical pathogen was 34.69%(417/1 202),the mixed infection positive rate was 4.58%(55/1 202),all most the mixed infection cases were infected by MP and other 1 or 2 pathogens together.The positive rates 31.53%,5.41%,1.16% of MP,INFB,RSV respectively were the frist,second,third highest rate,the cases infected by COX or CP were the least in 9 atypical pathogens.In April (March of lunar calendar),the total positive rate was 47.57%,it was the highest,and the total positive rate of winter and spring was higher than that of summer and autumn.The total positive rate increased as the age increased.In ＜1 year old group,the positive rate of MP was the highest,and the second highest was the RSV's,but in the other group,the first and the second highest positive rate were MP's and INFB's.The positive rate of MP in female was higher than that in male. Conclusion The distribution,the peak onset season and the positive rates of 9 atypical pathogens in respiratory tract infection children in Haikou are different to the other region.