目的 研究婴幼儿喂养困难发生相关的喂养人喂养行为因素,为干预提供科学依据。方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,选取4 017名来自全国69 个市(县、区)年龄在6~24月龄婴幼儿,采用标化的中国婴幼儿喂养困难评分量表评估其喂养困难发生情况,并对喂养人的喂养行为进行问卷调查,使用单因素和Logistic回归分析筛选与婴幼儿喂养困难发生相关的喂养人喂养行为因素。结果 6~24月龄中国婴幼儿喂养困难发生率为21.41%;不同月龄及不同性别间婴幼儿喂养困难的发生率差异无统计学意义;对婴幼儿喂养困难发生有保护作用的喂养人喂养行为有根据儿童的饥饿饱足信号进行喂养,进餐时与儿童的言语性鼓励和情感交流,鼓励儿童自行进食和积极应对儿童进食困难。 结论 婴幼儿期为喂养困难的易发阶段,喂养人适时喂养、多鼓励儿童自行进食、重视进餐过程中亲子互动和交流及积极应对儿童喂养困难有助于降低婴幼儿喂养困难的发生。

Objective To investigate the relationship of feeding behaviors of caregivers with infants feeding disorder. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was applied to carry out the study.According which 4 017 infants aged between 6 to 24 months who came from 69 different areas (cities,counties or districts) throughout the country was enrolled for study.A self-developed and normalized Chinese infant feeding scale was used to assess the infants feeding disorder and feeding behaviors of caregivers was also investigated by filling out a specially designed questionnaire.Single and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to screen the feeding behaviors of caregivers related to the occurrence of infants feeding disorder. Results The prevalence rate of feeding disorder of Chinese infants aged 6 to 24 months was 21.41%.There were no significant differences of feeding disorder among different ages and sexes.This study indicated a series of feeding behaviors of caregivers which were positively related to the decreasing infants feeding disorder as follows:feeding according to the infants hunger signal,a verbal praise and emotional communication with infants during mealtime,encouraging the self-fed and active management the infants feeding disorder. Conclusion Infants are apt to develop feeding disorder.It will be helpful to reduce the possibility of infants to develop feeding disorder through appropriately feeding behaviors of caregivers as timely feeding,encouraging self-fed,focusing on the interaction and communicating and actively managing the infants feeding disorder.