目的 探讨睡眠质量、肥胖和环境因素与青少年近视的关联性,为预防青少年近视提供参考依据。 方法 以年龄和性别为匹配因素,177对研究对象进行1∶1匹配的病例对照研究。 结果 单因素分析结果显示病例组睡眠质量指数中位数4±2高于对照组3±3(Z=4.08,P<0.05);肥胖(χ²=0.621)、超重(χ²=1.137)与青少年近视无关(P>0.05);父母近视(χ²=49.150)、躺着看书习惯(χ²=13.561)、趴着书写习惯(χ²=34.301)、眼距书本看书距离(χ²=16.724)、连续看书90 min以上(χ²=13.701)、每日参加户外活动(χ²=13.263)与青少年近视有关并存在剂量效应关系(P<0.05);多因素条件Logistic回归分析结果显示睡眠质量指数分值(OR=1.21)、父母近视情况(OR=3.83)、趴着书写习惯(OR=1.58)、眼距书本看书距离(OR=1.59)是青少年近视的影响因素。 结论 睡眠质量差、父母近视、有趴着书写习惯、看书时双眼到书本的距离过近是青少年近视的危险因素。

Objective To investigate the relationship among sleep quality,obesity and juvenile myopia. Method 1∶1 pair matched case-control study was conducted.177 pairs were matched by age and gender. Results Single factor analysis showed that the median of sleep quality of case group was higher than control group(Z=4.08,P<0.05).There was no statistical relation between juvenile myopia and other varibles such as obesity and overweight (P>0.05),but had correlation with parents myopia(χ²=49.150),the practice of reading in bed(χ²=13.561),reading distance between eyes and book(χ²=16.724),reading for 90minutes(χ²=13.701),taking part in air activities(χ²=13.263),and had dose-effect (P<0.05).Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that sleep quality (OR=1.21),parents myopia (OR=3.83),writing face down (OR=1.58) and reading distance between eyes and book (OR=1.59) were the risk factors of juvenile myopia. Conclusion Sleep quality,parents myopia,writing face down and reading distance between eyes and book are the disk factors of juvenile myopia.