目的 了解舟山海岛地区哮喘儿童常见过敏原分布,为临床诊治提供参考依据。方法 采用酶联免疫分析法(ELISA),对246例哮喘儿童血清样本进行血清总IgE及14种过敏原特异性IgE抗体进行检测。结果 明确有过敏原的188例(76.42%),其中单一过敏原阳性为62例(25.20%),2种及2种以上过敏原阳性为126例(51.21%)。吸入性过敏原阳性率最高为螨虫、屋尘。食入性过敏原阳性率最高的为海鲜组合,豆类。婴幼儿组以食入性过敏原为主,学龄组以吸入性过敏原为主。结论 螨虫、屋尘及海鲜是舟山海岛哮喘儿童最常见的过敏原,多数哮喘儿童存在多种过敏原,过敏原分布与年龄有关。

Objective To understand the allergy in asthmatic children of Zhoushan islands. Method A total of 246 children with asthma were tested for total IgE and 14 kinds of specific-IgE in serum by enzyme-linked immune assay(ELISA). Results Allergens were confirmed in 76.42%(188/246) of serum speciments,51.21%(126 /246)of them had at least 2 allergens,25.20%(62/246) had a single allergent.Among the children with inhaled allergens,most were caused by mite allergen,which was followed by house dust; seefood and beans were major sources for ingested allergens.Infants were more likely to be affected by ingested allergens while school-age children were majorly affected by inhaled allergens. Conclusion Allergens in the Zhoushan region mainly originate from mite,house dust and seefood.Most children with asthma are related to allergens,and allergens are related to age.