目的 探讨单纯性肥胖对儿童体质及健康的影响,为单纯性肥胖的预防及早期干预提供理论依据。方法 结合教育部、国家体育总局《国家学生体质健康标准》细则要求,并参照Achenbach 儿童行为量表,比较分析103例单纯性肥胖儿童和102例正常对照组儿童的体质及健康现状。结果 1)肥胖组儿童的身体形态指标包括体质指数、胸围、皮褶厚度均明显高于对照组;2)生理机能指标中,肺活量体质指数肥胖组低于对照组;3)身体素质指标中,立定跳远、实心球、坐位体前屈及握力指数肥胖组均低于对照组, 25 m×2往返跑所用时间肥胖组大于对照组;4)心理素质及社会适应能力肥胖组低于对照组;5)体质健康指标综合评价肥胖组优良率为11.7%,达标率为67.0%,对照组优良率为59.8%,达标率为91.2%。结论 单纯性肥胖明显影响儿童的身体形态、生理机能、体质、心理及社会适应能力等,对儿童健康成长构成危害,应当引起医学及教育工作者的高度重视。

Objective To explore effects of simple obesity on children's constitution and health status,provide theoretical basis for the prevention and early intervention in simple obesity. Methods Combined with requirements of "national student physical health standard" of the Ministry of Education and State Sports General Administration,according to Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist(CBCL),constitution and health status of 103 cases simple obesity children and 102 cases normal children were comparative analysed. Results 1) The body shape indexes included body mass index,chest circumference,skinfold thickness in obese children were significantly higher than those in proportion group.2) Vital capacity body mass index of physiological in obesity group was lower than those in proportion group.3) In the physical quality target,standing long jump,solid ball,sit-and-reach and grip strength index of obesity group were lower than those in proportion group.Obesity group spent more time than proportion group on 25 m×2 shuttle run.4) Psychological quality and social adaptation ability of obesity group were lower than those of proportion group.5) Comprehensive evaluation of physique health indexes,the excellent and good rate and compliance rate of obesity group were 11.7% and 67.0%,proportion group were 59.8% and 91.2%. Conclusion Simple obesity significantly affects children physical shape,physiological function,physical,psychological quality and social adaptation ability,and it is harmful to the healthy growth of children,so medical and educational worker should pay close attention to it.