目的 了解河北省出生缺陷发生率、主要出生缺陷病种及变化趋势。方法 采用回顾性分析方法,对河北省2001-2012年1 202 291例围产儿出生缺陷监测资料进行分析。结果 1) 12年间出生缺陷发生率从2001年的72.76/10⁴上升到2012年的103.44/10⁴,上升了42.17%;2)主要出生缺陷顺位依次为先天性心脏病、多指(趾)、总唇裂、外耳其他畸形、先天性脑积水、神经管缺陷;3)出生缺陷存在城乡、男女差别,城市明显高于农村(P<0.01),男性明显高于女性(P<0.01);4)出生缺陷发生与母亲的年龄有关,以25~30岁出生缺陷发生率最低。结论 出生缺陷发生率呈逐渐升高趋势,婚前医学检查率和产前筛查率低、孕母高龄/低龄及环境因素是导致出生缺陷发生率升高的重要原因。

Objective To understand the incidence of birth defects,the major types and trends of birth defects in Hebei. Methods By using the retrospective analysis,1 202 291 birth defects monitoring data of perinatal fetus were analyzed,from 2001 to 2012 in Hebei Provence. Results 1)During past 12 years,the incidence of birth defects was on the increase,from 72.76/10⁴ in 2001 to 103.44/10⁴ in 2012,up by 42.17%.2)The orders of major birth defects were congenital heart disease,polydactylism,cleft lip with or without cleft palate,deformity of external ear,congenital hydrocephalus,and neural tube defects.3)There were differences between rural and urban areas,also existed differences between male and female (P<0.01).That male was significantly higher than female and urban areas was significantly higher than rural areas(all P<0.01).4)Birth defects were associated with the mother's age,the lowest incidence of birth defects was occurred in 25~30 years old. Conclusions The trend in the incidence of birth defects is rising up in these years,the low rate of pre-marital medical checks and prenatal screening,elderly and young pregnant woman and environmental factors are major reasons to lead rising up incidence of birth defects.