铅的肾脏毒性研究进展
- 龚莹靓 综述, 徐健,颜崇淮 审校
作者信息
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文章历史
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摘要
金属铅广泛存在于自然界,能对人体各系统造成损害,尤其是发育中的器官。铅对泌尿系统的毒性表现为急、慢性肾病甚至肾衰。儿童铅中毒肾脏损伤隐匿,因此早期发现显得至关重要。本文从铅对儿童肾小管、肾小球功能的影响及易感标志物方面进行综述,探讨尿蛋白、尿酶及新的肾功能标志物在铅中毒儿童中的运用,以及基因多态性在铅对肾脏功能损伤中的研究情况。
关键词
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参考文献
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[16] Gao A,Lu XT,Li QY,et al.Effect of the delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase gene polymorphism on renal and neurobehavioral function in workers exposed to lead in China[J].Sci Total Environ,2010,408(19):4052-4055.
[17] 杨水莲,叶细标,吴翠娥,等.ALAD和VDR基因多态性与铅肾毒性易感性的关系[J].环境与职业医学,2002,19(6):358-361.
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[19] Chia SE,Zhou HJ,Yap E,et al.Association of renal function and delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase polymorphism among Vietnamese and Singapore workers exposed to inorganic lead[J].Occup Environ Med,2006,63(3):180-186.
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[21] Schwartz BS,Stewart WF,Kelsey KT,et al.Associations of tibial lead levels with BsmI polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor in formerorganolead manufacturing workers[J].Environ Health Perspect,2000,108(3):199-203.
[2] Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry.Toxicological Profile for Lead[M]//Atlanta GA.US Department of Health and Human Services,Public Health Service,2007.
[3] Osterloh JD,Selby JV,Bernard BP,et al.Body burdens of lead in hypertensive nephropathy[J].Arch Environ Health,1989,44(5):304-310.
[4] Lin T,Tai-Yi J.Benchmark dose approach for renal dysfunction in workers exposed to lead[J].Environ Toxicol,2007,22(3):229-233.
[5] 雷晓燕,熊海金,赵一方,等.儿童铅暴露与肾脏功能的相关关系[J].中华儿科杂志,2000,38(7):455-456.
[6] Fadrowski JJ,Navas-Acien A,Tellez-Plaza M,et al.Blood lead level and kidney function in US adolescents:the third national health and nutrition examination survey[J].Arch Intern Med,2010,170(1):75-82.
[7] Prozialeck WC,Edwards JR,Vaidya VS,et al.Preclinical evaluation of novel urinary biomarkers of cadmium nephrotoxicity[J].Toxicol Appl Pharmacol,2009,238(3):301-305.
[8] Groesbeck D,Kottgen A,Parekh R,et al.Age,gender,and race effects on cystatin C levels in US adolescents[J].Clin J Am Soc Nephrol,2008,3(6):1777-1785.
[9] Andersen TB,Eskild-Jensen A,Frokiaer J,et al.Measuring glomerular filtration rate in children:can cystatin C replace established methods? A review[J].Pediatr Nephrol,2009,24(5):929-941.
[10] Madero M,Sarnak MJ,Stevens LA.Serum cystatin C as a marker of glomerular filtration rate[J].Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens,2006,15(6):610-616.
[11] Roos JF,Doust J,Tett SE,et al.Diagnostic accuracy of cystatin C compared to serum creatinine for the estimation of renal dysfunction in adults and children:a meta-analysis[J].Clin Biochem,2007,40(5-6):383-391.
[12] Ferguson MA,Vaidya VS,Bonventre JV.Biomarkers of nephrotoxic acute kidney injury[J].Toxicology,2008,245(3):182-193.
[13] Staessen JA,Nawrot T,Hond ED,et al.Renal function,cytogenetic measurements,and sexual development in adolescents in relation to environmental pollutants:a feasibility study of biomarkers[J].Lancet,2001,357(9269):1660-1669.
[14] de Burbure C,Buchet JP,Leroyer A,et al.Renal and neurologic effects of cadmium,lead,mercury,and arsenic in children:evidence of early effects and multiple interactions at environmental exposure levels[J].Environ Health Perspect,2006,114(4):584-590.
[15] 王爱红,王群利,宋启发,等.δ-氨基-γ-酮戊酸脱水酶和维生素D受体基因多态性与铅肾毒性易感性的相关研究[J].卫生研究,2009,38(3):326-329.
[16] Gao A,Lu XT,Li QY,et al.Effect of the delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase gene polymorphism on renal and neurobehavioral function in workers exposed to lead in China[J].Sci Total Environ,2010,408(19):4052-4055.
[17] 杨水莲,叶细标,吴翠娥,等.ALAD和VDR基因多态性与铅肾毒性易感性的关系[J].环境与职业医学,2002,19(6):358-361.
[18] Weaver VM,Schwartz BS,Ahn KD,et al.Associations of renal function with polymorphisms in the delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase,vitamin D receptor,and nitric oxide synthase genes in Korean lead workers[J].Environ Health Perspect,2003,111(13):1613-1619.
[19] Chia SE,Zhou HJ,Yap E,et al.Association of renal function and delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase polymorphism among Vietnamese and Singapore workers exposed to inorganic lead[J].Occup Environ Med,2006,63(3):180-186.
[20] Weaver VM,Lee BK,Todd AC,et al.Effect modification by delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase,vitamin D receptor,and nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms on associations between patella lead and renal function in lead workers[J].Environ Res,2006,102(1):61-69.
[21] Schwartz BS,Stewart WF,Kelsey KT,et al.Associations of tibial lead levels with BsmI polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor in formerorganolead manufacturing workers[J].Environ Health Perspect,2000,108(3):199-203.
基金
科技部973项目(2012CB525001);卫生部公益性项目(201002001);上海市科委项目(124119a1400)
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