【目的】 了解学龄儿童睡眠周末补偿睡眠现状,探索补偿睡眠与睡眠质量及学业表现的相关性。 【方法】 采用分层整群抽样法,于2009年11-12月抽取上海市10所小学的2 249名五年级学生。采用学业成绩表现教师评估问卷了解儿童学业表现(各维度得分越低,学业表现越好),采用中文版儿童睡眠习惯问卷(Children Sleep Habits Questionnaire,CSHQ)评估儿童的睡眠时间和质量(总分≥41分为睡眠质量不良),采用儿童个人及家庭社会环境问卷用于收集基本情况。使用t检验、协方差分析等对数据进行分析。 【结果】 调查对象年龄为(10.81±0.38)岁,男生占49.3%。儿童周末较平时晚睡(37±40)min,晚起(86±54)min。补偿睡眠时间平均(48±58)min,波动范围为3~5.5 h。睡眠质量不良儿童的补偿睡眠多于睡眠质量良好的儿童(t=3.82,P＜0.001)。校正学龄儿童年龄、性别及父母的受教育程度后,协方差分析显示:睡眠不足(平时与周末睡眠时间均≤9 h)儿童和补偿睡眠(补偿睡眠时间≥1 h)的儿童的学业成绩总分分别高于睡眠充足(平时与周末睡眠时间均≥10 h)组的儿童(F=10.99,P<0.001),即学业表现较差。 【结论】 周末补偿睡眠与睡眠不足一样,对儿童的睡眠质量和学业表现都有不良影响,并不能改善儿童睡眠质量或提高学业表现。
Abstract
【Objective】 To study the situation of weekend catch up sleep in fifth grade children in Shanghai,and to explore the influences of weekend catch-up sleep on sleep quality and academic achievements. 【Methods】 Totally 2 249 grade-fifth children were sampled by stratified cluster random sampling from 10 primary schools in Shanghai.Children Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) was used to assess children's sleep duration and quality (total score≥41 was defined as poor sleep quality ); The School Achievement Questionnaire (teacher version) was applied to evaluate children's achievement.T-test and ANCOVA were adopted to compare the sleep quality and academic achievement among children with different type of sleep. 【Results】 The mean age was (10.81±0.38) years old,49.3% were boys.The mean bedtime and get up time was(37±40) minutes and (86±54)minutes later on weekends,respectively.The mean weekend catch-up sleep was(48±58) minutes,ranging from 3~5.5 hours.Children with poor sleep quality had more catch-up sleep (t=3.82,P＜0.001).The ANCOVA results,after adjusted for age,gender and parental education level,showed that children slept ≤9 hours in both weekday and weekend and children had ≥1 catch-up sleep got higher score in The School Achievement Questionnaire than children slept≥10 hours in both weekday and weekend (F=10.99,P<0.001),representing for lower academic achievement. 【Conclusion】 Weekend catch-up sleep will do harm to rather than improving children's sleep quality and academic achievement as insufficient sleep.
关键词
睡眠时间 /
睡眠质量 /
学业成绩表现 /
学龄儿童 /
补偿睡眠
Key words
school-age children /
catch-up sleep /
sleep duration /
sleep quality /
academic achievement
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基金
科技部973培训项目(2010CB535000);国家自然科学基金(81172685);上海市科委启明星(10QA1404800);上海市教委曙光计划(11SG19);上海市教委学生健康促进工程重大决策咨询课题(HJTY-2010-A09);AFINS-HOPE科研基金(AFINS-HOPE-2011025);圣元国际集团科研基金项目资助
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