【目的】 描述2~3岁幼儿身体形态和运动能力,及其与喂养因素之间的关系。 【方法】 对149名2~3岁幼儿的身高、坐高、体重等身体形态,走平衡木、网球掷远、立定跳、坐位体前屈、劈叉、折返跑、单杠悬垂等运动指标进行测量;对喂养方式、辅食添加月龄及幼儿目前食欲等喂养因素进行调查。 【结果】 男童在身体形态指标的数值上高于女童,运动能力差异无统计学意义;人工喂养与混合喂养幼儿的身体形态指标高于母乳喂养的幼儿;典则相关分析表明,身体形态指标中身高、体重与身高别体重的作用都比较大,运动能力指标中走平衡木、网球掷远、立定跳远、劈叉指数和20 s反复横跨的作用较大。 【结论】 婴幼儿期的喂养因素对身体形态有重要影响;2~3岁幼儿身体形态指标与运动能力指标存在相关性。

【Objective】 To describe the body shape and motor ability of 2~3 years old children and to discuss the relationships between feeding factors and the two aspects. 【Methods】 149 children aged 2~3 years old were tested on body shape including height,sitting height,weight,and motor ability composed of walking the balance beam,throw for distance,standing long jump,seat proneness,split,shuttle runs,horizontal bar hanging,and so on.Feeding factors were investigated including feeding patterns,children's appetites and months when complementary food was added. 【Results】 Heights of boys were higher than those of girls,but there was no difference on motor ability.Body shape indicators of artificial feeding and mixed feeding groups were higher than those of breast-feeding group.Two pairs of canonical variables were selected by canonical correlation analysis.Height,weight and weight for height played the important role among body shape indicators in canonical variables.Walking the balance beam,throw for distance,standing long jump,split and repeated crossing in 20 seconds,the canonical variables representing the motor ability,played the important role. 【Conclusions】 Feeding factors would make efforts in body shape.Also,correlation is found between body shape and motor ability in 2~3 years old children.