【目的】 调查了解3~6岁儿童情绪与行为问题,为早期干预提供理论依据。 【方法】 采用自拟儿童基本情况调查表、儿童长处和困难问卷(Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire,SDQ)对1 280名3~6岁儿童进行调查评估。 【结果】 3~6岁儿童困难问题检出率为11.6%。情绪或行为异常检出率为33.9%。SDQ各因子异常检出率分别为情绪问题2.3%,品行问题7.1%,多动注意不能11.5%,同伴交往问题3.9%,亲社会行为18.6%。男童SDQ因子异常检出率,多动注意不能为13.4%、同伴交往问题4.9%及亲社会行为20.9%均显著高于女童8.8%、2.4%及15.4%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.188~6.288,P<0.05)。儿童不同年龄间SDQ困难总分、品行问题、多动注意不能、亲社会行为异常检出率差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.235~19.206,P<0.001~0.05)。与儿童情绪与行为问题有关的影响因素为儿童性别及生活状况、父亲外出务工、母亲文化程度。 【结论】 3~6岁儿童情绪与行为问题发生率较高,应重视儿童情绪与行为问题干预。
Abstract
【Objective】 To explore the emotional and behavioral problems among children aged 3 to 6 years old of Hunan province. 【Methods】 A self-designed questionnaire of children's condition and Children Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(the edition for parents,SDQ)were used to investigate 1 280 children aged 3 to 6 years old in countryside. 【Results】 The prevalence of difficulty problems in children aged 3 to 6 years old was 11.6%.The abnormal prevalence of emotion or behavior was 33.9%.The abnormal factors prevalence of SDQ with emotion symptom was 2.3%,conduct problems was 7.1%,attention deficit and hyperactivity was 11.5%,intercourse problems among associate was 3.9% and social behavior was 18.6%.The abnormal factors prevalence of SDQ in male children with attention deficit and hyperactivity was 13.4%,intercourse problems among associate was 4.9% and social behavior was 20.9%,were higher than female was 8.8%,2.4% and 15.4%,and there were significantly different(χ2=5.188~6.288,P<0.05).The abnormal factors prevalence of SDQ with the total scores of difficult,conduct problems,attention deficit and hyperactivity and social problems were different in children among different ages,were significantly different(χ2=8.235~19.206,P<0.001~0.05).The influencing factors of the emotion and behavior problems with children including sex and conditions of living,left family working with father and the degree of education with mother. 【Conclusion】 The prevalence of emotion and behavior problems was high among children aged 3 to 6 years,we should pay more attention to interview the emotion and behavior problems with children.
关键词
长处和困难问卷 /
3~6岁儿童 /
情绪 /
行为
Key words
Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire /
children aged 3 to 6 years old /
emotion /
behavior
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参考文献
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基金
湖南省科技计划资助项目(2010FJ4066)
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