【目的】 分析柳州市2003-2011年5岁以下儿童死亡率和死亡原因,寻找儿童死亡变化的趋势与规律,为降低5岁以下儿童死亡率干预措施提供理论依据。 【方法】 对柳州市辖六县、四区2003-2011年5岁以下6 071例儿童死亡监测资料进行回顾性分析。 【结果】 9年监测资料显示,新生儿、婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡率下降速度均较快。2011年新生儿死亡率为4.58‰,婴儿死亡率7.43‰,5岁以下儿童死亡率9.91‰,与2003年相比,新生儿死亡率下降了6.91%,婴儿死亡率下降了9.73%,5岁以下儿童死亡率下降了10.57%。5岁以下儿童死亡前5位死因顺位依次为:早产/低体重、先天性心脏病、出生窒息、先天异常、意外死亡。 【结论】 加强对基层妇幼保健人员 新生儿复苏等适宜技术培训,大力宣传与指导孕期保健知识,是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的有力措施,减少出生缺陷的发生,提高人口素质的有力措施。

【Objectives】 To analyze the death rates and death causes for the children under the age of 5 in Liuzhou from 2003 to 2011 and find out the trends and rules of death causes in children and provide a theoretical basis for the development of the health policies and interventions on reducing the death rates in children under the age of 5. 【Methods】 The death monitoring data of 6 071 cases in the children under the age of 5 were retrospectively analyzed during 2003-2011 in Liuzhou (including six counties and four districts). 【Results】 The nine-year surveillance data showed that the death rates of newborns,infants,and children under the age of 5 mortality rates greatly decreased.In 2011,the death rates for newborns,infants,and children under the age of 5 were 4.58‰,7.43‰ and 9.91‰,respectively.Compared with the death rates of three age groups in 2003,the death rates for newborns,infants,and children under the age of 5 were reduced by 6.91%,9.73% and 10.57%,respectively.The top five death causes for children under the age of 5 were as follows:preterm/low birth weight,congenital heart disease,birth asphyxia,congenital anomalies and accidental death. 【Conclusions】 Strengthening the ability of the child health care grassroots personnel in the appropriate neonatal resuscitation technical training,and vigorously promoting and guiding the knowledge of health care during pregnancy,can effectively reduce the death of children under the age of 5 and the incidence of birth defects.It can also strongly improve the quality of the population.