【目的】 对早产儿与足月儿气质维度及类型进行比较,为早产儿的科学教养提供参考。 【方法】 采用国内标化的Carey婴儿气质问卷,对80名早产儿及80名足月儿进行气质评价。 【结果】 早产儿中难养型气质比例多于足月儿,在气质的九维度中,早产儿坚持性差、注意分散度高、易回避及反应阈低下,而活动水平、节律性、适应性、反应强度和情绪本质无差异。 【结论】 早产儿气质类型及特点与足月儿存在差异,应根据早产儿气质特点,采用更加有针对性的教养方式。

【Objective】 To compare preterms temperament dimensions and types with full-terms ,in order to offer reference for raising children correctly. 【Method】 The temperament were assessed in 80 preterm infants and 80 full-term infants by Carey Infant Temperament Scale Standardized in China. 【Results】 The constituent ratio of difficult nurturing type in preterm infants was higher than in full-term infants,when nine temperament dimensions was considered,the preterms were significantly less persistence,less attentive,more withdrawal and lower in threshold to respond than the controls.There was no difference among activity,rhythmicity,adaptability,intensity and mood. 【Conclusion】 The temperament features is different between preterm infants and full-term infants;It suggests that preterm infants should be raised contrapuntally according to their temperament features.