【目的】 探讨孤独症患儿父母的依恋特征。 【方法】 采用横断面调查研究。用亲密关系经历量表、关系问卷及自制调查表对68例孤独症患儿父母及136名正常儿童的父母进行问卷调查,对照研究。 【结果】 两组父亲依恋类型分布差异无统计学意义(χ2=4.574,P>0.05),两组母亲依恋类型分布差异无统计学意义(χ2=4.294,P>0.05)。孤独症患儿父亲在依恋焦虑维度得分明显高于正常对照组,但两组差异无统计学意义(t=1.958,P>0.05),在依恋回避维度得分两组父亲差异无统计学意义(t=0.309,P>0.05);在依恋焦虑和回避维度得分两组母亲差异均无统计学意义(t焦虑=0.667;t回避=0.968,P>0.05)。 【结论】 孤独症患儿父母的依恋类型分布与正常儿童父母的依恋类型分布无差异。
Abstract
【Objective】 Explore the characteristics of attachment of autistic children's parent. 【Methods】 It was a cross-sectional study based on the comparison of the assessment result of 68 autism children's parents and 135 normal controls' parents.Using Experiences in Close Relationship inventory (ECR).Relationship Questionnaire(RQ) and self-produced questionnaire. 【Results】 There was no significant difference between two groups in neither fathers' attachment type(χ2=4.574,P>0.05)nor in mothers' attachment type(χ2=4.294,P>0.05).Scores in attachment anxiety dimension of autistic children's fathers were higher than the control group without showing significant difference(t=1.958,P>0.05).No significant difference was found in attachment avoidance dimension between two groups of fathers.There was no significant difference in attachment anxiety dimension and avoidance dimension between two groups of mothers. 【Conclusion】 No significant difference is found in attachment avoidance dimension between two groups of fathers.There is no significant difference in attachment anxiety dimension and avoidance dimension between two groups of mothers.
关键词
孤独症 /
父母 /
依恋 /
儿童
Key words
autistic disorder /
parents /
attachment /
children
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] 桑标.当代儿童发展心理学[J].上海:上海教育出版社,2003:355-366.
[2] 邓红珠,邹小兵.187例婴幼儿孤独症患儿对养育者的依恋特征[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2007,21(6):370-372.
[3] Spencer AG.Attachment behaviors in children with autism[J].Diss Abstr Int,1993,54:1321-1324.
[4] Bartholomew K,Horowitz LM.Attachment styles among young adults:A test of a four-category model[J].Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1991,61:226-244.
[5] 李同归,杜姗姗.50例手术患者的成人依恋类型分析[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2005,13(4):417-419.
[6] 李同归,加藤和生.成人依恋的测量:亲密关系经历量表(ECR)中文版[J].心理学报,2006,38(3):399-406.
[7] Brennan KA,Clark CL,Shaver PR.Self-report measurement of adult attachment:An integrative overview[M]//Simpson JA,Rholes WS.Attachment theory and close relationships.New York:The Guilford Press,1998:46-76.
[8] 李涛,王庭照,徐光兴.成人依恋及其特征探析[J].统计与信息论坛,2010,25(9):104-107.
[9] Bartholomew K,Horowitz LM.Attachment style among young adults:A test of a four--category model[J].Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1991,61(2):226-244.
[10] 李同归,李嘉,秦和平,等.大学生依恋类型对心理健康的影响[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2008,22(10):631-635.
[11] 刘志军.90年代西方依恋理论研究的概述[J].心理发展科学,2000,29(8):24-30.
[12] 钟鑫琪.儿童依恋的研究现状[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2007,15(1):59-61.
[13] 鲁小华,霍莉钦,丛中.依恋及其评估方法概述[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2007,21(3):204-206.
[14] 牟生调,陈泊蓉.父母的成人依恋、应对方式与教养方式的关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2010,18(4):419-421.
[15] Perris C,Anderson P.Experiences of parental rearing and patterns of attachment in adulthood[J].Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy,2000,7:279-288.
[16] 李同归.母亲的依恋类型与教养方式的相关性研究[J].中华行为医学,2006,15(2):149-150.
基金
国家科技支撑计划心理疾患防治研究与示范项目(2009BAI77B05)
PDF(461 KB)
