【目的】 了解甘肃省6~15岁儿童青少年瞳距的发育情况,研究儿童青少年瞳距生长发育规律。 【方法】 对甘肃省兰州、舟曲、会宁、白银、静宁、合作六个地区8 167例6~15岁儿童青少年进行横断面调查,采用钢尺测量瞳距并对结果进行分析。 【结果】 甘肃省8 164例6~15岁儿童青少年男性瞳距从55.60 mm增至61.49 mm,女性瞳距从56.04 mm增至60.24 mm,即瞳距随年龄增长而增大;瞳距与年龄呈正相关(男性:r=0.335,P<0.01;女性:r=0.286,P<0.01),且两性各年龄组间比较差异均有统计学意义;在不同性别的儿童和青少年间的瞳距比较中除6岁组外,男性瞳距均大于女性,6~10岁两性瞳距比较差异无统计学意义,但在11~15岁间不同性别的儿童和青少年间的瞳距比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。甘肃省6~15岁儿童青少年瞳距随年龄增长而增大,男性和女性的瞳距快速增长年龄均始于9岁,但女性13岁后即进入平台期,而男性15岁时仍持续增长。男性14岁,女性11岁瞳距达成人水平。 【结论】 儿童和青少年瞳距正常参考值对儿童头颅发育异常的诊断有重要的参考价值,供临床参考。

【Objective】 To investigate the development and trend of pupillary distance among 6 to 15 years old children in Gansu Province. 【Method】 Pupillary distance samples of 8 164 children living in the 6 districts of Gansu province:Lanzhou,Zhouqu,Huinin,Baiyin,Jinning and Hezuo were measured using steel ruler and the results were analyzed and compared cross age and gender sections. 【Results】 Among 8 164 samples,6 to 15 years old boys' pupillary distance increased from 55.60mm to 61.49mm while girls' increases from 56.04mm to 60.24mm,i.e.pupillary distance increased as age increased.Pupillary distance and age showed positive associations (male:r=0.335,P<0.01;female:r=0.286,P<0.01).And the differences between different age group were significant.Other than 6 age groups,boys' pupillary distance was larger than girls.The gender difference of 6 to 10 year's age group was not significant,but between 11 to 15 years old age group there was significant difference.In Gansu province the pupillary distance of 6 to 15 years old children increased as their age increased.Both male and female pupillary distance showed rapid increase at the age of 9.But after reaching 13 years old,female pupillary distance stopped increase while male pupillary distance continued to grow after 15 years old.Male pupillary distance reached adolescent level at the age of 14 while female at 11. 【Conclusion】 The pupillary distance data of normal developed children is an import reference in diagnosing children's abnormal skull development.