【目的】 调查分析学龄前儿童的散光状态,探索并掌握其基本规律,对有效地提高和改善儿童视功能有着重要的临床意义。 【方法】 采取整群随机抽样方法抽取沈阳市10所幼儿园3~6岁儿童,应用美国伟伦 Suresight手持式自动验光仪进行屈光检查,分析儿童的散光度及散光轴向的分布情况。 【结果】 学龄前3~6岁儿童,远视是屈光状态的主要类型,59.86%为远视散光;不同类型散光眼的散光轴向分布差异具有统计学意义(χ²= 3 631.0,P<0.01);远视散光眼大多散光度数在0.50~1.00D范围,近视散光眼有近半数散光度数在1.25~2.00D范围,混合散光眼的散光度数相对较高(散光度≥3.25)。 【结论】 近视散光和混合散光儿童应作为防止学龄前弱视发生的重点监测对象。

【Objective】 For effectively enhancing and improving children's visual function,it is important to investigate the astigmatic status and explore the basic rule of preschool children. 【Methods】 3 to 6 years old children were selected randomly from 10 kindergartens in Shenyang city by cluster sampling method.The Welch Allyn Suresight handheld vision screening instrument was applied to conduct refraction.Children's astigmatic degree and astigmatic axis were analyzed. 【Results】 Most of preschool children aged 3 to 6 years old were hyperopic,and 59.86% of them were hyperopic astigmatism; there was significant difference among the distributions of astigmatic axis in different types of astigmatisms (χ²=3 631.0,P<0.01);the astigmatisms of most hyperopic astigmatism were in the range of 0.50 to 1.00 D,nearly half of myopic astigmatisms were in the range of 1.25 to 2.00 D,the astigmatisms of mixed astigmatism were relatively high (astigmatism ≥ 3.25). 【Conclusion】 Those children with myopic astigmatism and mixed astigmatism should be focused on monitoring to prevent children from amblyopia in preschool stage.