【目的】 了解九江市儿童性早熟的发病率及发病原因,为该病预防提供理论依据。 【方法】 采取分层整群抽样方法,以九江市三个区4所小学和3所幼儿园共3 312名3~12岁儿童为调查对象,进行乳房、阴毛、睾丸等分期评定,通过发放家长调查问卷了解受调查者月经初潮和遗精、饮食睡眠生活习惯、特殊爱好以及父母亲青春期发育情况。 【结果】 九江市城区儿童性早熟检出率为0.68%,女童检出率(1.25%)高于男童(0.11%)差异有统计学意义(χ²=16.119,P=0.000)。乳房开始发育年龄平均为(10.26±2.34)岁,城区女童[(9.91±1.85)岁]早于郊区女童[(11.29±1.38)岁],差异有统计学意义(P=0.000)。阴毛发育年龄平均为(11.67±0.84)岁,城区女童[(11.68±0.85)岁]和郊区女童[(11.63±0.86)岁],差异无统计学意义。在常食动物性食物、营养滋补品、饮料,缺乏体育锻炼、不良生活习惯、父母缺乏育儿知识、以及遗传因素等在儿童性早熟组和正常组中差异有统计学意义。 【结论】 经常进食动物性食物、营养滋补品、饮料,缺乏体育锻炼、不良生活习惯、父母缺乏育儿知识、以及遗传因素在性早熟发病中起促进作用。

【Objective】 To understand the morbidity and causes of child sexual precocity in Jiujiang,and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention of this disease. 【Methods】 In a total of 3 312 children aged 3~12 years old who were recruited by stratified cluster sampling method from three district primary school and 3 kindergartens were stag evaluation with their breast,testis pubes get respondents menarche and spermatorrhea,diet and sleep habits,hobbies and children 's parents adolescent development through the issuance of a parent questionnaire. 【Results】 The positive rate of children sexual precocity in Jiujiang city was 0.68%,the detection rate of girls (1.25%) was high than boys (0.11%),the difference was statistically significant (χ²=16.119,P=0.000).The beginning age of breast development was (10.26±2.34) years old,in which the age of city girls was (9.91±1.85) years and earlier than suburban girls whose age was (11.29±1.38) years,the difference was statistically significant (P=0.000).Developmental age of pubic hair was (11.67±0.84) years,in which city girls was (11.68±0.85) years and suburban girls was (11.63±0.86) years without statistical significance.There were significant difference between precocious puberty group and normal one in edible animal food,nutrition tonic,beverage,lack of physical exercise,unhealthy living habits,parents lack of parental knowledge,and genetic factors. 【Conclusions】 Those factors with often feed animal food,nutrition tonic and beverage,lack of physical exercise,unhealthy living habits,children parents lack of parental knowledge,and genetic factors are promote action in the pathogenesis of precocious puberty.