【目的】 全景了解目前上海市学龄男童青春期各种性发育事件的年龄特征,分析变化趋势,以进一步完善我国男性儿童性发育评估体系。 【方法】 利用体格检查法,对上海市分层整群抽样的1 787名6~20岁中小学男生的外生殖器和第二性征发育水平进行Tanner分期评估,比对法测量睾丸容积,并询问首次遗精。 【结果】 被调查对象的青春期性发育启动与持续时间存在较大的个体差异,概率单位回归计算得到睾丸容积≥4 mL和≥12 mL的中位年龄分别为10.71岁和12.24岁,外生殖器达到TannerⅡ期~Ⅴ期的中位年龄分别为11.68、12.81、14.31岁和16.55岁,阴毛达到TannerⅡ期~Ⅴ期的中位年龄分别为12.57、13.19、14.25岁和16.92岁,腋毛和胡须开始发育的中位年龄分别为14.07岁和15.11岁,首次遗精中位年龄为16.63岁。 【结论】 相比我国中西部城市和某些其他国家,上海市男童青春期发育启动较晚、进程缓慢,且正处于首次遗精中位年龄不断延后的生长长期趋势中。
Abstract
【Objective】 To determine the current timing of boys' sexual maturity in Shanghai. 【Methods】 A school-based cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1 787 boys aged 6~20 years old in Shanghai.Puberty was staged according to the Tanner.Mean age at entry into each pubertal stage was calculated by probit analysis. 【Results】 Median age at attainment of testicular volume above 4 mL and 12 mL was 10.71 years and 12.24 years,respectively.Median age at entry into genital stage of Ⅱ~Ⅴwas 11.68,12.81,14.31 years and 16.55 years,respectively.Median age at entry into pubic hair stage Ⅱ~Ⅴ was 12.57,13.19,14.25 years and16.92 years,respectively.Median age of onset of armpit hair and bread development was 14.07 years and 15.11 years,respectively.And median spermarche age was 16.63 years. 【Conclusions】 In comparison to those living in cities of middle or western China and some other countries,boys in Shanghai start pubertal development a little bit later,and the progress of sexual development is also relatively slower.Median age of spermarche is being postponed.
关键词
男性 /
儿童 /
青春期 /
性发育
Key words
male /
child /
puberty /
sexual development
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基金
国家自然科学基金(81172684);上海市公共卫生重点学科建设计划(12GWZX0301)
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