【目的】 了解苏州市儿童哮喘患病率、起病年龄、发病诱因及防治现状,为进一步制定儿童哮喘防治措施提供科学依据。 【方法】 采用整群抽样调查,分两步:第一步问卷筛查得到疑似哮喘儿童资料,第二步对疑似病例进行临床确诊,同时了解其发病诱因及防治情况。 【结果】 收回初筛问卷10 805份,筛出喘息相关儿童622例,经临床确诊哮喘540例,咳嗽变异性哮喘5例,可疑哮喘77例。哮喘累计患病率为5%,男女患病率分别为6.22%、3.51%。过敏性鼻炎1 130例,患病率为10.46%,男女患病率分别为12.37%、8.13%。湿疹884例,患病率为8.18%,男女患病率分别为8.85%、7.35%。哮喘在3岁以内起病占77.17%。98.23%哮喘儿童反复应用过抗生素,59.97%在急性发作期接受吸入治疗,但在缓解期进行维持治疗的仅为8.89%。 【结论】 2010年苏州市0~14岁儿童哮喘累计患病率为5%,较10年前有增加,男性高于女性。儿童哮喘起病年龄大多数在3岁以内,发病高峰在春秋换季时,上呼吸道感染为最常见诱发因素。大多数哮喘患儿治疗不规范,正确、合理、规范治疗儿童哮喘的新知识、新药物要宣传、普及。

【Objective】 To understand the morbidity and onset of asthma in children age,inductive factors,treatment status,in order to provide better scientific basis for management of childhood asthma. 【Methods】 A sample survey methods,had two steps:the first step suspected children with asthma were screened to get information,the second step:screening children with suspected had made clinical diagnosis of asthma,and the inductive factors and the treatment situation were understood in asthma children. 【Results】 By 10 805 screening questionnaires 622 cases were related to wheezing,540 cases of children were clinically diagnosed with asthma,5 cases cough variant asthma and 77 cases of suspected asthma in children.Cumulative prevalence of asthma was 5%,of which male and female prevalence rates were 6.22%,3.51% respectively.1 130 cases of allergic rhinitis,the prevalence rate was 10.46%,male and female prevalence rates were 12.37%,8.13% respectively.884 cases of eczema,prevalence was 8.18%,male and female prevalence rates were 8.85%,7.35% respectively.77.17% asthma age of onset was at 3 years of age.98.23% children with asthma had application of antibiotics in acute exacerbation of asthma,59.97%with inhalation therapy in acute exacerbation of asthma inhaled therapy to maintain remission of only 8.89%. 【Conclusions】 1)2010,Suzhou cumulative prevalence of asthma in children aged 0~14 is more than ten years ago.2)Onset of asthma in children over the age of 3 years of age.therefore,prevent asthma in the early.3)The majority of asthma treatment is not standardized,new knowledge,new drug must education in correct treatment for asthms.