【目的】 探讨早期健全人格培养对儿童气质变化的影响,了解干预组与对照组不同月龄组儿童气质维度的差异性,为指导儿童早期综合发展,提供科学依据。 【方法】 选取2009-2011年儿保科早期综合发展特需门诊亲子会员192名0~3岁儿童参与早期健全人格培养的研究为干预组,门诊体检的儿童随机抽样212名为对照组,按年龄分为1~4个月、5~11个月、1~3岁,采用儿童气质测试软件进行分析。 【结果】 干预组与对照组儿童气质类型在1~4个月、5~11个月差异无统计学意义,1~3岁差异有统计学意义,干预组有易养倾向。干预组与对照组不同年龄气质维度差异比较,随年龄的增长,节律性、趋避性、适应性、情绪本质有差异。随着干预时间延长,儿童干预后比干预前表现出活动水平降低、节律性好、情绪更积极、注意力不易分散、适应能力减弱、坚持性降低、反应阈高的气质特征(P值均<0.05)。 【结论】 气质虽然是比较稳定的个性心理特征,但其在后天生活环境和教育的影响下,在一定程度上是可以改变的,了解气质发展的可变性,对培养婴幼儿健全人格有重要意义。

【Objective】 To explore the influence of early cultivation of healthy personality on children's temperament,and to learn about the gap in children's temperament dimension between the treatment group and control group and thus provide a scientific basis for guiding Children's early integrated development. 【Methods】 192 parent-child members with age from 0 to 3 years old from the early integrated development of Children's Health Department during 2009-2011 were selected as the treatment group for the study on the early cultivation of healthy personality.212 children from the outpatient physical examination were selected randomly as the control group.Analysis had been carried out with the testing software for children's temperament by dividing them into 1~4 months,5~11 months and 1~3 years old group according to ages. 【Results】 There was a slight difference in children's temperament type between the treatment and control group in the 1~4 months and from the 5~11 months,while there was a great difference from 1~3 years old,with the treatment group tending to be raised easily.As for the difference in the temperament dimension of different ages between the treatment and control group,there was a difference in rhythmicity,phobotaxis,adaptability and quality of mood with increase in age,while with the extension in intervening time,temperament characteristics appeared after the intervention,such as low activity level,good rhythmicity,active mood,undispersed attention,low adaptability,decreasing perseverance and high reaction threshold. 【Conclusions】 Though temperament is a relatively stable individual mental characteristic,it will be changed in some degree under the influence from the later living environment and education.There is a great significance in cultivating infants' healthy personality from learning about the variability in the development of temperament.