【目的】 了解早产儿与足月儿精细运动发育水平的差异及其影响因素。 【方法】 采用Peabody运动发育量表第2版(Peabody Developmental Motor Scales 2,PDMS-2)对215例婴儿(早产儿97例、足月儿118例)进行精细运动发育水平测试,并对结果精细运动发育商(fine motor quotient,FMQ)进行统计分析。 【结果】 1)早产儿FMQ显著小于足月儿FMQ(t＝5.142,P＜0.05);2)精细运动的抓握标准分低于视觉运动整合标准分(d＝1.00±1.24,t＝11.881,P＜0.05);3)FMQ受到胎龄、出生体重、进食能力训练、身高、体重多方面因素的影响。 【结论】 早产儿精细运动发育落后于足月儿,且抓握能力发育较视觉运动整合能力发育落后;孕期加强保健延长胎龄和增加出生体重、生后有意识通过进食能力训练加强动手能力的提高、保持适宜的生长发育对精细运动的发育极其重要。
Abstract
【Objective】 To investigate the differences and influencing factors about the fine motor development between preterm and full term infants. 【Method】 215 infants (including 97 preterm infants and 118 full term infants) were evaluated by the second edition of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale (PDMS-2),and the fine motor quotient (FMQ) was analyzed by SPSS. 【Results】 1) The FMQ of preterm was significantly less than FMQ of term infants (t=5.142,P＜0.05);2)The standard scores of grasping were less than visual motor integration.The difference was statistically significant(d＝1.00±1.24,t＝11.881,P＜0.05);3)FMQ was influenced by gestation age(GA),birth weight(BW),feeding-skills training,height and weight. 【Conclusions】 The preterm infants were slower than the term infants on fine motor development during the infant period,and the development of grasping fall behind the visual motor integration;Also,prolonging the GA and increasing the BW by enhancing the health care during gestation,enhancing the skills of hands by feeding-skills training consciously after birth,and maintaining appropriate growth are significantly important to fine motor development.
关键词
Peabody运动发育量表 /
精细运动 /
早产儿 /
足月儿
Key words
Peabody Developmental Motor Scale /
fine motor /
preterm infant /
term infant
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