【目的】 了解浙江省0~4岁视力、智力、听力、言语、精神、肢体及多重残疾的流行特征。 【方法】 依据《中国残疾人实用评定标准》利用多阶段分层整群概率比例抽样方法抽取浙江省0~14岁儿童15 787,采用三阶段筛查程序进行调查。由专业医生进行残疾相关问题询问、诊断和残疾等级评定。 【结果】 总检出率为10.95‰, 其中智力残疾检出率最高,为4.37‰, 其次为多重残疾3.55‰、精神残疾1.20‰、肢体残疾1.08‰、言语残疾0.95‰、视力残疾0.44‰ 、听力残疾0.38‰。男性残疾检出率高于女性,农村高于城市,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=5.86,5.97,P均<0.05)。各年龄段残疾检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.04,P>0.05)。多重及听力残疾以重度以上为主,其他残疾以中轻度为主。遗传、发育异常是致残的主要原因。 【结论】 浙江省0~14岁残疾检出率低于全国平均水平,针对致残因素,预防和降低儿童残疾的发生。
Abstract
【Objective】 To investigate the prevalence of vision,mental,audibility,language,psychiatry,extremity and multiple disability,and associated factors in the 0~14 year old children. 【Methods】 A total number of 15 787 aged 0~14 children living in Zhejiang province were investigated with tree-phase screening under the Chinese Standard of Evaluation in Disabilities. 【Results】 The prevalence of all disabilities was 10.95‰.The prevalence of different types of disabilities were:mental disability 4.37‰,multiple disability 3.55‰,psychiatric disability 1.20‰,physical disability 1.08‰,language disability 0.95‰,vision disability 0.44‰ and hearing disability 0.38‰.The prevalence of disabilities in males was significantly higher than that in females(χ2=5.86,P<0.05).The prevalence of disabilities in rural was significantly higher than that in urban(χ2=5.97,P<0.05).There was not different in different ages(χ2=1.04,P>0.05).Most disabled persons were categorized to grade 3 and 4 disabilities,The main risk factor leading to disability was genetics and maldevelopment. 【Conclusions】 The prevalence of disabilities in children of Zhejiang province is lower than that from national.The causes of disability needs further studying.
关键词
残疾 /
现况调查 /
儿童
Key words
disabilities /
cross-sectional study /
children
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