【目的】 分析扬中市5岁以下儿童死亡情况及主要死因并探讨干预措施。 【方法】 对2001-2010年扬中市5岁以下儿童进行流行病学回顾性分析,了解其死亡率、死因构成及相关因素。 【结果】 5岁以下儿童死亡率9.18‰,婴儿死亡率6.78‰,新生儿死亡率4.85‰,1～4岁儿童死亡率2.40‰,5岁以下儿童死亡率2001年为14.16‰; 2010年死亡率为2.04‰,下降了85.6%。早产及低出生体重、意外、先天异常、新生儿窒息、肺炎等是5岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因。 【结论】 应重视婚前医学检查,继续提高围生期保健水平,大力宣传妇幼保健知识,预防出生缺陷和减少新生儿死亡是降低5岁以下儿童死亡率的关键。

【Objective】 To analyze the deaths and the major causes of deaths of children under 5 in Yangzhong and to explore the intervention measures. 【Methods】 Analyzed retrospectively the epidemic diseases of children under 5 in Yangzhong from 2001 to 2010, and knew their death rates, death constituents and relevant elements. 【Results】 The death rate of children under 5 was 9.18‰, infants 6.78‰, newly-born babies 4.85‰, children of 1～42.40‰. The death rate of children under 5 was 14.16‰ in 2001, and 2.04‰ in 2010, decreasing by 85.6%.Premature delivery, low birth weight, accidents, congenital abnormality, neonatal asphyxia, pneumonia etc, were the main causes of deaths of children under 5. 【Conclusions】 The key to decreasing the death rate of children under 5 is to attach great importance to premarital medical examination, to promote perinatal health care, to advocate women and children healthcare knowledge, to prevent birth defects and to minimize newborn deaths.