【目的】 探讨学龄期儿童哮喘行为问题及其相关因素,为临床诊治提供参考。 【方法】 随访92例学龄期哮喘患儿,应用自编的一般状况问卷及Rutter儿童行为问卷(父母问卷)调查其行为问题状况。并以相同数量及性别的同年龄组健康儿童为对照组进行Rutter儿童行为问卷(父母问卷)调查。 【结果】 50例学龄期哮喘男生中,22例(44.0%)存在行为问题,其中 19例(38.0%)存在违纪行为,15例(30.00%)存在神经症行为,均显著高于对照组(P均＜0.05)。42例学龄期哮喘女生中,17例(40.48%)存在行为问题,其中15例(35.71%)存在神经症行为,均显著高于对照组女生(P均＜0.05),而违纪行为和对照组女生无差异(χ²=0.454,P均＞0.500)。多元逐步回归分析结果显示:加重学龄期哮喘患儿行为问题的因素有:患儿年龄、发病持续时间、年平均发作次数、年平均发作天数、总复发次数、体重与年龄比、静脉使用激素的天数及静脉使用激素的总量。减轻学龄期哮喘患儿行为问题的因素有:首次发病年龄、患儿坚持学习与应学习时间比例及一天平均户外活动时间。 【结论】 学龄期哮喘儿童均存在比较严重的行为问题,应引起临床医生重视。

【Objective】 To study the behavioral problems and related factors in school-age children with asthma. 【Methods】 Followed up 92 cases of school-age children with asthma, they were investigated with self edited general questionnaire and parents' chart of Rutter children's behavior questionnaire. 92 cases of healthy children were sampled as control group matched by age, sex etc, they also were investigated with parents' chart of Rutter children's behavior questionnaire. 【Results】 Among 50 cases of boys with asthma, 22 cases (44.00%) had behavioral problems, of which 19 cases (38.00%) had violation discipline and 15 cases (30.00%) had neurotic behavior. The rates were significantly higher those of control group(all P＜0.05). Among 42 cases of girls with asthma, 17 cases (40.48%) had behavioral problems, of which 15 cases (35.71%) had neurotic behavior. Significantly differences were found between two female groups(P＜0.05),but no significantly difference was found in two groups with violation discipline(χ²=0.454,P＞0.500). Multiple step-wise regression analysis suggested that the factors increasing behavioral problems of school-age children with asthma included the patient's age, onset duration, the annual average onset frequency and days, the recurrent numbers, weight-for-age and the days and the amount of intravenous steroid.The factors reducing behavioral problems of school-age children with asthma involved the first onset age, the actual proportion of learning time and the daily mean duration of outdoors activity. 【Conclusions】 Behavioral problems are significantly prevalent in asthma and much attention should be paid to them.