【目的】 分析综合医院心理科门诊儿童青少年的病种分布特征与变化趋势,为临床心理工作提供参考依据。 【方法】 选取2001-2010年间某综合医院儿童青少年心理门诊首诊资料完整者共1 666例,对年度病例数、年龄、性别等一般资料进行统计分析,以国际疾病分类标准ICD-10进行诊断分类,并列出各类别中前5位单病种及其构成比。 【结果】 精神类疾病前5位分别是F32(抑郁发作)170例(占本类病例数17.7%,占总病例数10.2%,下同)、F98(通常起病于童年和少年期的其它行为与情绪障碍)123例(12.8%,7.4%)、F31(双相情感障碍)116例(10.8%,7.0%)、F41(其它焦虑障碍)104例(10.8%,6.2%)、F20(精神分裂症)100例(10.4%,6.0%);心理问题前5位依次为抑郁情绪133例(18.9%,8.0%)、焦虑情绪112例(15.9%,6.7%)、家庭关系不良87例(12.4%,5.2%)、厌学81例(11.5%,4.9%)、网络成瘾75例(10.7%,4.5%)。 【结论】 心理门诊量呈上升趋势,16～18岁是重点人群。抑郁、焦虑仍是防治重点,家庭问题解决是减少儿童青少年心理行为问题发生率的有效路径。

【Objective】 To investigate the features of disease spectrum of children and juvenile psychological outpatient in general hospital, and to supply important theory basis of mental health work. 【Methods】 General information of 1 666 first-visit case files in Bayi Children's Hospital during 2001-2010 were statistically analyzed in terms of annual distribution tendency of case number, patients' age and sex. Disease-type was classified according to The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision(ICD-10) based on the first diagnose, and the top 5 mono disease and proportions were screen out from two categories. 【Results】 170 cases(17.7% of the classificatory cases, 10.2% of total cases, the same below)of F32(depressive episode), 123 cases(12.8%,7.4%)of F98(behavioral and emotional disorders with onset usually occurring in childhood and adolescence), 116 cases(10.8%,7.0%)of F31(bipolar disorder), 104 cases(10.8%,6.2%)of F41(other anxiety disorders)and 100 cases(10.4%,6.0%)of F20(Schizophrenia)occupied the first 5 positions of mental and behavioral disorders; 133 cases(18.9%,8.0%)of depression, 112 cases(15.9%,6.7%)of anxiety, 87 cases(12.4%,5.2%)of problems of family, 81 cases(11.5%,4.9%)of study-weariness and 75 cases(10.7%,4.5%). Internet addiction occupied the first 5 positions of psychological problems. 【Conclusions】 The data of psychological outpatient increased significantly, 16～18 is high-risk population. Anxiety and Depression disorders are still most important work. Problem solving of interpersonal relationship and family is an effective way to reduce the incidence of psychological problems.