【目的】 对山东省完全母乳喂养婴儿维生素D补充剂的应用现状进行调查,并分析其影响因素。 【方法】 选取2010年11月-2011年1月来预防接种门诊进行计划免疫与健康保健的0~3岁儿童903例,以生后4个月内完全母乳喂养儿612例作为研究对象。采用自制的调查问卷对儿童抚养人进行维生素D补充剂应用方面的调查。 【结果】 完全母乳喂养婴儿维生素D补充剂的应用率为76.6%,开始添加维生素D补充剂的时间、停用时间是生后30.0(30.0)d、9.0(7.0)月,其中生后1周内、1~2周、2~4周、>4周开始添加的儿童分别占1.7%、3.4%、9.3%、85.5%;78.4%婴儿1岁以内停用了维生素D补充剂,1~2岁停用者占16.6%,2~3岁停用者占5.1%;多因素Logistic回归分析发现儿童年龄、家庭收入水平、母亲文化程度和孕期使用微营养素等是影响维生素D补充剂应用的因素(OR=0.673,0.706,1.651,1.646)。 【结论】 维生素D补充剂在完全母乳喂养婴儿中的应用普遍,但应用不合理,不符合国内外维生素D补充剂应用指南的要求。年龄、母亲文化水平、收入水平等多种因素影响维生素D补充剂的应用状况。
Abstract
【Objective】 To investigate the rate of vitamin D supplementation and related factors in fully breasted children in Shandong province. 【Methods】 A total of 903 children who came to vaccination clinics for planned immunity and health care were selected from November 2010 to January 2011. 612 fully breasted subjects as responders. Their use of vitamin D supplementation and related factors were investigated with self-made questionnaire. 【Results】 The rate of vitamin D supplements use in fully breasted children was 76.6%. The infant intake of 166.0 to 700.0 U/day of vitamin D supplementation began at 30.0(30.0) days after birth and disused at 9.0(7.0) months. The vitamin D supplements adding rate of children who born after one week, 1 to 2 weeks, 2 to 4 weeks and more than 4 weeks was 1.7%, 3.4%, 9.3%and 85.5% respectively. The prevalence of vitamin D supplement disuse was 78.4% in infants within 1 year old , 16.6% during 1 to 2 years old and 5.1% during 2 to 3 years old. The multi-factors Logistic regression analyses suggested that use of vitamin D supplements was significantly associated with ages, family income level, maternal level of education and nutrient intake during pregnancy(OR=0.673,0.706,1.651,1.646). 【Conclusions】 The vitamin D supplements use in fully breasted children is widespread, but its application is not standard according to the requirements of domestic and international vitamin D supplements application guidelines. Age, income level and other factors affect vitamin D supplements use.
关键词
维生素D /
佝偻病 /
母乳喂养 /
儿童
Key words
vitamin D /
rickets /
breastfeeding /
children
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参考文献
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