【目的】 了解珠海地区5岁以下儿童感染金黄色葡萄球菌(staphylococcus aureus, SAU)的耐药性。 【方法】 2007年1月-2009年12月从珠海市妇幼保健院4 357例5岁以下儿童送检各类标本中分离的245株SAU,K-B法进行12种抗生素的药敏试验,以美国临床实验室标准化协会(Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, CLSI)2009年的标准判断并采用WHONET5.4及SPSSl7.0统计软件分析结果。 【结果】 1岁以内婴儿占95.1%,97.1%的菌株为门诊或住院48h内送检标本中检出,89%源于痰标本,引起的疾病88.6%为肺炎。耐甲氧西林SAU(methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, MRSA)的发生率为17.6%。对青霉素、克林霉素、红霉素的不敏感率分别为93.9%、51.4%、67.6%,未发现对万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药的SAU。MRSA的耐药性高于甲氧西林敏感(methicillin sensitive staphylococcus aureus, MSSA)(P<0.05),而新生儿与婴幼儿感染SAU耐药性差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 【结论】 珠海地区5岁以下儿童感染的SAU中MRSA检出率不高。除青霉素、克林霉素、红霉素外,SAU对其余抗生素的耐药率不高,苯唑西林仍是治疗该地区SAU引起儿童感染的价廉而有效的药物。

【Objective】 To investigate the drug-resistance of staphylococcus aureus(SAU) isolated from children under 5-year in Zhuhai area. 【Methods】 245 stains of SAU were isolated from 4 357 cases under 5-year in the Zhuhai Municipal Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital since January 2007 to December 2009. Kurby-Bauer method was used to analyze antimicrobial susceptibility of above-mentioned strains against 12 antimicrobial agents. Results were evaluated according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI) of that year. The data was statistic analysis by WHONET 5.4 and SPSS 17.0. 【Results】 95.1% of the cases were under 1-year. 97.1% strains were isolated from the specimens of the outpatients and in-patients within 48 h of hospitalization. The majority of the specimens was sputum(89%) and pneumonia was the main disease among the cases(88.6%). The prevalence of the methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) was 17.6%. The rates of resistance to penicillin, clindamycin and erythromycin were 93.9%, 51.4%, 67.6% respectively. All were sensitive to vancomycin and linezolid. The drug-resistance of MRSA was higher than methicillin sensitive staphylococcus cureus(MSSA)(P<0.05). According to the drug resistance of SAU, there was no significant difference between the newborns and the infants(P>0.05). 【Conclusions】 The detection rate of MRSA is low in children under 5-year with SAU infection in Zhuhai area. The drug-resistance rate is not high in the microbial agents except Penicillin, Clindamycin and Erythromycin. Oxacillin is still a cheap and sensitive drug to cure the children with SAU infection in Zhuhai area.